A Summary Of The Research On The Diachronic Evolution Of Ancient Chinese Verbs

The verb is not only the core of the sentence,occupies an important position in the study of grammar,and in the diachronic evolution of vocabulary also highlights its importance,many words evolution rule and phenomenon reflected only on the verb.In the past twenty years,the study of the evolution of ancient Chinese verb receives more and more attention,and the quantity of research is abundant and rich in content.This paper collected the ancient Chinese verbs of diachronic evolution research in recent twenty years.In order to provide some reference for the ancient Chinese verb diachronic study,this paper classified from the perspective,objects and contents,and summarized the research content.This paper is divided into four chapters:The first chapter is the introduction.It mainly explains the research purpose and value,and has a brief introduction of nearly twenty years of ancient Chinese verb evolution situation,then introduces the research methods.The second chapter collects the general history research of the ancient Chinese verb evolution.On the basis of the research object,this part is divided into three parts,the diachronic evolution of some kind of verbs,a set/sets of verbs and a single verb.The research content includes the meaning evolution,the grammatical evolution and diachronic substitution.The third chapter collects the dynastic study about the ancient Chinese verb evolution.On the basis of the research object,this part is divided into two parts,the diachronic evolution of some kind of verbs and a set/sets of verbs.According to the selection of the dynasty,the research is divided into the ancient Chinese,the middle Chinese,the modern Chinese,and the combination of two periods.The fourth chapter is the summary.It includes the Summarize of the research about diachronic evolution of the ancient Chinese verbs,and draws a conclusion from the research numbers,contents,types,research methods and the selection of corpus.First,the research quantity is abundant.The number of general history evolution research is the most,the research results focus on some kinds of verbs and groups of verbs revolution.Second,According to the research content,the diachronic evolution of ancient Chinese verbs mainly discusses three aspects: the evolvement of the verb meaning,grammatical function and the evolvement of the verb.Most of research results summarized the evolution characteristics and the main reasons,and the characteristics analyzed from the verb variability and invariance,evolution of meaning,word formation and two tone trend and other aspects.The evolution reasons analyzed from the cognitive,social and cultural activities and the language system.Third,the category of the research object mainly focus on the physical action verb,the second is the psychological verb,the social life verb are also gradually studied by scholars.Fourth,the research method includes data statistics,synchronic and diachronic,comparative law,componential analysis and the reference of dictionaries,lots of research applied semantic field theory.Fifth,the ancient Chinese corpus mainly choose classical literature(such as Zuozhuan and Lunyu),the middle Chinese corpus choose novels(such as Soushenji)and the Buddhist scriptures of Chinese,the modern Chinese mainly choose fictions(such as "a dream of Red Mansions").Some of the research includes the Buddhist literature,Dunhuang Bianwen,annotation and variant diachronic as corpus.Some results using dialect to clarify the diachronic evolution of verbs.Sixth,the research also exist deficiencies,Firstly,the choice of the corpus is relatively narrow,and has a misunderstanding about the corpus homogeneity and age,the unearthed literature is ignored.Secondly,the research method ignores the mutual influence of righteousness among the members of the field and the relationship with adjacent semantic field.Thirdly,the conclusion of the research is alike,and the analysis of reasons is quite simple.Lastly,the present research is mostly focus on the monosyllabic and synonymous verbs,while the research about the polyphony antisense verbs is obviously insufficient.