A Comparative Study Of Emphatic Adverbial Conjunctions From The Perspective Of Typology

From the perspective of linguistic typology,this study is mainly aimed at making a comparative study of Emphatic Adverbial Conjunctions(EACs)among Chinese,English,French and Japanese.In Chinese,the most commonly used EACs are tebieshi(???)and youqishi(???);in English,the most commonly used EACs are especially and particularly;in French,the most commonly used EACs are surtout,particulièrement and notamment;in Japanese,the most commonly used EACs are????and?????.This thesis starts from two perspectives:the features of chunk order in the four languages and the phonetic features in Wu dialect.The thesis aims at exploring the differences and universals of EACs among different languages.In our study,the corpus of Chinese is mainly selected from Modern Chinese Corpus and some formally published newspapers such as People's Daily;the corpus of English is mainly selected from British National Corpus and The Corpus of Contemporary American;the corpus of French is mainly selected from famous French literature works and BAF corpus;the corpus of Japanese is mainly selected from KOTONOHA and some formal dictionaries such as Concise Chinese-Japanese Dictionary.Through analyzing and studying,we find: 1.In terms of chunk order: 1)Chinese,English and French are all SVO,while Japanese is SOV and it is featured by post-positioned case-auxiliary word,which influences the emphatic intensity of the whole sentences through prolonging the linguistic distance between important constituents and EACs.We analyze them from the perspective of economy and iconicity.2)In French,we find that it has distinctive usage of double markers of emphatic adverbial conjunctions,which involves et,plus,and et plus.3)As for animacy hierarchy and dominance of temporal line,the four languages are almost consistent in despite of different chunk orders.2.In terms of phonetics,the change of tones,the range of register and the distance of syllables make EACs in different places have different emphatic effects: some are stronger and some are weaker.So we find two rules so as to sort them from the strongest to the weakest based on theirdifferent accents in Wu dialects.Rule 1:The larger the distance of syllables is,the more behind the location of the highest pitch value appears relatively.Rule 2:When the distances are equal,the broader the register is,the more front the location of the highest pitch value appears relatively.Then we use Praat data of pitch contour to prove and certify our rules and conclusions respectively,which helps explain why people from different places even speaking the same kind of dialect,will achieve different pragmatic effects.The reason for it is that different tones and registers will influence their relative locations of the highest pitch value or the ceiling of the pitch range in Praat.