The Effects Of Mortality Salience On Gender Stereotype Of People With Different Trait Self-esteem

This study examines the effects of three reminders on gender stereotypes and the regulation of self-esteem from the explicit and implicit levels.It attempts to prove the relationship between mortality salience,self-esteem and gender stereotypes,and reveal the occurrence and development of gender stereotypes.This research contains the experiments for two between-subjects designs of 2(trait self-esteem:high,low)x3(reminder mode: supraliminal mortality salience,subliminal mortality salience and neutral reminder).In research 1,a survey is made on the effects of the supraliminal mortality salience and the subliminal mortality salience on the explicit and gender stereotypes of the subjects with different trait self-esteem.Firstly,the Self-esteem Scale,SES stipulated by Rosenberg(1965)is used for conducting measurements on the trait self-esteem levels of the 720 subjects,from whom a total of 195 subjects with high and low self-esteem levels.97 subjects from them with high,and low trait self-esteem are selected as the research subjects;then,using the mode of death image start,experimental operations are conducted on the test group and the control;finally,the Gender Stereotype Scale jointly stipulated by Professor Zuo Bin and Liu Xuan is adopted for measuring the subjects' explicit gender stereotypes.The result indicates that thesubjects' gender stereotypes of the supraliminal mortality salience group and the subliminal mortality salience group are substantially higher than those of the neutral reminder group;in the supraliminal mortality salience group and subliminal mortality salience group,the explicit stereotypes with high trait self-esteem are markedly lower than the subjects with lower trait self-esteem.In Research 2,a survey is conducted on the effects of supraliminal mortality salience on the implicit gender stereotypes of those with different trait self-esteems.The other 195(respectively 97 subjects with high and low trait empathy)as the research subjects,and the test group and control operation as that of experiment 1 is adopted,and the subjects implicit stereotypes are measured using the self-stipulated implicit association test.The result indicates that the implicit gender stereotypes of the subjects in the supraliminal mortality salience group and the subliminal mortality salience group are substantially higher than those of the neutral reminded group;there are no marked differences in the implicit gender stereotypes of the subjects of the supraliminal mortality salience group and the subliminal reminder group;in the subliminal mortality salience group,the implicit gender stereotypes of the subjects with high trait self-esteem are markedly lower than the subjects with low trait self-esteem.Consequently,it can be concluded that:(1)After supraliminal mortality salience,the explicit gender stereotypes of the subjects with high trait self-esteem are substantially lower than those with low trait self-esteem;(2)After subliminal mortality salience,both the explicit and implicit gender stereotypes of the subjects with high trait self-esteem are markedly lower than those of the subjects with low trait self-esteem;(3)low trait self-esteem in the explicit and implicit gender stereotypes of the suprathreshold mortality salience group and the subliminal mortality salience group are markedly higher than those of the medium reminder group.