The Influence And The Educational Enlightenment By Reward And Punishment Motivation Over The Cognitive Control Of Adolescents

Reward and punishment are usually used by parents and teachers.The influence on the cognition of the reward and the punishment are also a main problem that psychologists keep focusing on.It has been proved that the reward and the punishment are able to promote cognitive effects,such as the improvement of concentration,the working memorization and the promotion of cognitive control.The dual mechanism of control is a new perspective of researching cognitive control with the core hypothesis that cognitive control includes the strategies of proactive control and reactive control.The proactive control is concluded as a phenomenon that the early selection of information related to certain targets works in a positive and continuous way and,before the cognition,cognizance and acts from the best perspective and in a way that actuating on targets.(looking ahead at what might happen and be ready to handle it)on the contrary,in the reactive control,concentration is considered as a mechanism of correction,which is only needed when things happen.(soldiers come and general protects while water floods and the soil covers it)Thus,the proactive control depends on the expectation and interference what occurs earlier while the reactive control depends on the later correction and the Existence of the interference.It has been reported that both the award and the punishment are capable of changing the strategies of individual cognitive control,enabling the individual prefers the proactive control.However,these researches mostly focus on the influence of award on the strategy of cognitive control in adult,with little knowledge about that on the teenagers.This study researches the influence of both the reward and the punishment on the strategy of cognitive control in teenagers by doing two experiments.In the first experiment,44 freshmen and sophomore students in high school were assigned to do reward AX-CPT,2(reward condition:baseline、reward)×2(reward cues:reward、non-reward)x4(alphabetic sequence:AX、AY、BX、BY)turns out that with the reward,the mistakes of AY are more while those of BX are less at the end of AX-CPT,which means reward makes those high school students tend to the mode of proactive control.In the second experiment,33 sophomore students in high school were assigned to do punishment AX-CPT,2(punishment condition:baseline、reward)×2(punishment cues:punishment、non-reward)×4(alphabetic sequence:AX、AY、BX、BY)turns out that with the punishment,the mistakes of AY are more while those of BX are less at the end of AX-CPT,which means punishment makes those high school students tend to the mode of proactive control.Our study concludes that both the teenagers and the adults improve the lever of action with the punishment and the reward,promoting the cognitive effects and tending to be the proactive control.The result of our study provides a deeper understanding about the influence of the money on the cognitive control in teenagers and new evidence of that.This research is able to help teachers use the reward to instruct teenagers,developing the best way of cognitive control to complete current assignments.