| The Manipulation School represented by Andre Lefevere believed that translation studies should not be confined on the linguistic level and should focus on the interrelation between the translation process and the social and cultural environment,especially the influences of patronage,ideology and poetics.Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is a classic work of children's literature that enjoys reputation all over the world and has plenty of Chinese versions.It was first translated into Chinese by famous translator Zhao Yuanren.As one of the most classic Chinese versions,Zhao's translation presented the interesting and bizarre fantasy world in the original work to the Chinese readers with his humorous writing style and introduced the book full of English word games into the Chinese society.In 2002,the Central Compilation and Translation Bureau invited Wang Yongnian to retranslate Alice's Adventures in Wonderland to commemorate the 170 th birthday of Lewis Carroll,the author of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.The two versions were produced in different historical and social background.The thesis first separately explores the historical and social background of Zhao's and Wang's versions according to the Manipulation Theory and then discusses the manipulation of the three cultural factors on the selection of the original text,and on the language features including the lexical,semantic and stylistic level.The thesis finds that the manipulative factors do have influences on the two versions in varying degrees.Zhao's selection of the original is influenced by the ideology and poetics whereas Wang's is determined by the patronage.With an analysis of several examples,the thesis also finds the language features are mainly decided by the translator's personal ideology and poetics,but other cultural factors also exert influences on specific occasions. |
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