The Research On Differences Of Visual Working Memory Capacity Of The Students With Different Skill Levels In Mechanical Processing

Visual working memory is a subsystem of working memory,it has two aspects including object and space memory for production,operation and storage of visual image,that can make us remember all the visual information around ourselves,such as color,shape,size and direction,and let these information exist in the brain for short period.The capacity of visual working memory is extremely important for studying the graphics,and the major of mechanical processing requires the students to have the better ability to learn graphics.In this paper,with the single-probe change detection paradigm,two experiments were conducted to explore respectively the differences in some kinds of graphics object and spatial working memory abilities of the students with different skill levels in mechanical processing,at the same time,the differences of different sex students are also discussed.Experiment adopt 2(skill level: high skill level,low skill level)* 2(sex: male,female)* 4(graphic type: regular graphics,irregular graphics,detail drawing,physical map)* 4(present number: 3,4,5,6)mixed experimental design,the skill level and sex are between variables,other factors are internal variables.During the experiment of object working memory,subjects should be required to accurately estimate whether the testing pattern is present in the memory project as far as possible;while in the experiment of spatial working memory,subjects were asked to judge whether the position of the test pattern is changed as far as possible compared with the memory item.The conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)For the ability of object working memory,the ability of high and low skill level students is not significant in the detail drawing,while in the irregular graphics,regular graphics and physical map,the students with high skill level is superior to the low skill level students as for the ability of object working memory.The object working memory capacity of the students with high skill level is about 3.3,and the students with low skill level is about 2.8.(2)For the spatial working memory ability,the ability of high and low skill level students is not significant in the physical map,while in the irregular graphics,regular graphics and detail drawing,the students with high skill level is superior to the low skill level students as for the ability of spatial working memory.The students with high skill level in the space working memory capacity is about 3.1-3.9,and the students with low skill level is 2.7-3.4 or so.(3)Visual working memory ability has close relationship with the skill level between students,the better ability of the visual working memory,and the higher level of the students' skills.The transfer ability of students with high skill level is stronger than that of students with low skill level.(4)The object and spatial working memory are stored in different ways.The object working memory is stored in an integrated way,it conforms to the strong binding memory,and the spatial working memory is not stored in this way,and that is in conformity with the features-bundled with the same storage.(5)The extracting strategies of information about the object and spatial working memory really have the distinctions.The way of information extraction in the object working memory task is the parallel scan strategy,while the spatial working memory is a series of scanning strategies.Students can use different information extraction strategies according to the familiarity of the graph and the difficult level of the task.(6)There is no difference in the correct rate and capacity of visual working memory among the students in different genders,there is no gender difference in response of the task about object working memory,while the male students were significantly longer than the female students in the spatial working memory task.