The Research On The Entertainment And Lifestyle Of Shan Xi Merchants In The Local Chronicles During Ming And Qing Dynasties

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,whether local chronicles of official compilation,or collected works written by writers and scholar-officials,the anthology,and even genealogies and inscriptions recording all living creatures have appeared in a large number of merchant biographies,which is a new social phenomenon.Merchant biography is an indispensable historical material for the study of merchants in Ming and Qing dynasties.Through combing the research results of the businessmen in Shanxi over the past hundred years,it is found that the merchant of Shanxi special data sets are quite few and datum of Shanxi businessmen biographies on collecting and arranging are obviously insufficient,which can not adapt to requirements of the rapid development to study Shanxi businessmen,besides,the research in the local chronicles biography is conducted from the literary perspective in most cases.The biography of merchants in local chronicles is a very important reference material,and local chronicles has been attached importance to by scholars and become an important material for the study of regional social history,but the study of businessman biography in local chronicles is a weak link.Based on collecting and arranging historical materials of Shanxi merchant biography,the reason of the emergence of businessman biographies in the localchronicles is analyzed,in addition to Shanxi's unique geographical environment and the innate love of business from people in Shanxi,the Ming and Qing Dynasties are important stage of the development of commodity economy in ancient traditional society in China and the key period of transition from traditional economy to modern economy.In ancient times,there was a statement,a rank of "scholar,agriculture,industry and commerce",and the merchants are at the end of rank,thus they were not be recorded in the official history.In Ming and Qing Dynasties,the local chronicles compilation tended to standardization,the Qing Bian Zhi unification for repair,local chronicles and significantly accelerate the speed and quantity increase,businessman the emergence of a large number of biographies,especially in late Qing Dynasty local chronicles compilers due to the impact of modern thought,"businessmen" thought gradually weakened,a large number of businessmen came to remember and record book,In this "history of the land" has been retained in the local chronicles of Shanxi businessmen in the preliminary statistics also found that the largest number of Shanxi businessmen in the central and southern regions,which is in contrast with the traditional study of the central and southern China commercial development confirmed.The business developed means that the economic status of businessmen to improve,the pursuit of a set of cultural system of their own leisure life that belongs to their economic status through certain.In this paper,the author chooses the businessman's leisure life as the research object in the biography of Shanxi local chronicles.Shanxi businessmen in the business of leisure and entertainment,businessmen solid economic strength,so that they are more independent and casual entertainment.By the American psychologist Maslow demand layer theory can be seen the merchant of Shanxi leisure life,only to meet the physiological needs,safety needs,social needs,esteem needs,development will enter the highest level of motivation needs for self realization,the merchant of Shanxi although taking Confucian worship,although Confucianism and related business,business and Confucianism,Confucian business as a businessman,and like a Confucianism temperament like a Confucian,have feelings,temperament and hobbies.To a certain extent,they have promoted the activity and progress of social culture.The biographies of businessmen in the local chronicles of the leisure life research we can find that their leisure life and literati are almost the same,writing poetry,reading and making friends,travel landscape and other activities,but their leisure life also has the restriction factor,which the first is leisure time,and then money is second,and there some social demographic factors.We can find that,businessmen from Shanxi leisure life they seek in a way like literati artistic pursuit of Confucian,but more is their prominent businessmen character.Through the entertainment life and business life of Shanxi businessmen,the door of commercial operation was opened,and remake some good people image of the businessmen from Shanxi,And also promoted the development of shanxi culture and spread.