An Eye-movement Research On Face Cognition Of Own-race And Other-race

Face,an important part of human body,has important biological and social significance.Accordingly,cognitive processing of faces is a common and indispensable social activity in human's daily life.It is also considered to be a social ability that human beings are born with and can be cultivated through acquired cultivation.People's ability on cognitive processing of faces has a direct influence on their daily lives.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study it.Generally,people investigate face cognition through face cognition,face recognition and face attractiveness judgment,not only taking into account the comprehensiveness of the cognitive processing of faces,but also representing different aspects of face cognition in human's daily life.Face cognition is the most basic process of perceiving the face.Face recognition is an cognition process of faces which have been seen and haven't been seen before.Face attractiveness judgment is a more complicated machining process which includes face preference and so on.In the previous research,the processing of face cognition has already been out of scope of human faces and own-race faces.More and more researchers are developing new research avenues and exploiting new research fields.In recent years,researches on own-race and other-race faces have become a hot topic.However,there are still areas to be developed on that kind of research,which related to yellow race,white race and black race.Different from previous studies,this study regards own-race faces(yellow race)and other-race faces(white race and black race)as an innovative point,using eye movement equipment to investigate the similarities and differences of behavior index and eye movement index under the contexts of face cognition,face recognition and face attractiveness judgment.According to the processing degree of the three races in the task,this paper compares the processing situation of that two kinds of faces under the same task.Secondly,this paper compares the differences of eye movements under the three task contexts to draw the differences of using psychological resources so as to provide empirical references and psychological evidences in the field of facecognition.Research indicates:1.In the face cognition task,there exist differences in response time and accuracy rate due to different face types and genders.Generally,it takes more response time to recognize own-race faces than to recognize that of other races,meantime,the accuracy rate is higher.Specifically,compared to women,men spend more response time in identifying own-race faces,but less time in other-race faces.At the same time,women's accuracy rate is higher.2.In the face recognition task,there are differences between men and women in response time and accuracy rate.Specifically,men spend more response time and make less accuracy rate than that of women.3.In the face attractiveness judgment task,there exist differences between men and women in the judgment of white race.Compared to men,women believe that faces of white race appear to be more attractive.4.By investigating the heat maps of three races under three task contexts,it can be seen that the distribution of heat maps of the three races is roughly the same.That is,people would spend a disproportionate amount of time staring at people's nose,then the eyes and then the area around the nose,showing the trend of nose-centered,oval-like outward spread.It means the farther it is away from the center of the ellipse,the lower the degree of sensitivity and interest is.5.In the three task contexts,the response time of face recognition task is the longest when the response time of face cognition is shorter than that of face attractiveness judgment,which is inconsistent with the previous findings of the phenomenon.Possibly because they take the materials of own-race and other-race people into consideration,the difficulty of task has changed.There are considerable differences in the response time a man would take to make face recognition(the longest time),attractiveness judgment and cognition(the shortest time).The same applies to women.There are also differences in accuracy rate.The accuracy rate of face recognition is significantly lower than that of face cognition.6.The main effect of total dwell time and fixation counts is significant in the tasks by comparing the total eye movement index under the three task contexts.It can be seen that under different tasks,there are differences in the use of psychologicalresources a man takes to make face cognition(the least),attractiveness judgment,and recognition(the most).7.By comparing the heat maps under the three task contexts,it can be seen that people would spend the most time staring at nose and areas around it,followed by the lip,and then the eyes.It can be seen that there are differences in the use of psychological resources employed in various organs on the face.