The Process And Reasons Of The Cham's Diaspora

Today,the coastal central areas of Vietnam is the origin of the Chams,who had established a country here.Around the Song and Yuan Dynasties,a small part of the Chams began to move to Yazhou,Hainan Island.After the 15 th century,the Chams continued to move out of central Vietnam,mainly migrating to neighboring Cambodia.This is the first migration.As a consequence of the Vietnamese "Nam ti?n",Champa constantly lost land,and the status in politic and economic.Ultimately Champa was annexed to the Vietnamese Nguyen Dynasty and was forced to "vietnamization".During the French occupation,their colonial rule broke the efforts on "vietnamization" of Nguyen Dynasty.After the French colonists withdrew from Vietnam,the Vietnamese authorities continued to pursue "assimilation" policies.The Chams who had migrated to Cambodia mainly lived together in Tbong Khmum and other places.Afterwards the Chams emigrated from Cambodia's occupying settlements,moving into Tay Ninh,Chau ??c,Saigon,and Bangkok.This is the second migration.The Chams,on the way of diaspora,were important human resource,participating in the struggles of politics and power of the royal family of Cambodia,in the development of the Mekong Delta,and in the maritime navigation of Thailand.On the other hand,as the special geographical position,especially the historical relationship with Vietnam,Cambodia was so constantly caught in internal and external troubles,and the Chams were forced to move out,migrating to further areas.Since the 1950 s,the Chams from Tay Ninh,Chau ??c,Ho Chi Minh City,Bangkok and other places moved to Malaysia Kelantan and other states,the United States,the thirteen district of West Coast,Paris.This is the third migration.Because of the unstable situation in Indo-China region,the Chams had to look for more jobs and tolerant religious atmosphere,and the humanitarianism of the United States and France.