The Psychological Structure Of Self-focused And Other-focused Personalities And The Relationship With Advice Taking

Past research on self-focused attention is mainly based on the state perspective,less as a personality trait to explore.As the inheritance of excellent Chinese culture to concern about others,other-focused has become a stable individual trait in the collectivism.According to the above,there are the problem to be solved in this paper: whether self-focused and other-focused can be studied as personality traits,and what are the meanings and structures of the two.Besides,from the perspective of state attention,self-focused and other-focused is a pair of opposite concepts,how about the self-focused and other-focused personalities? This is another important problems to talk about in this paper.Moreover,self-focused and other-focused personalities as the new concepts,it is also vital to know the predictive effects on behavior,so we also try to explore the relationship between the two concepts and advice taking behavior.In order to solve the problems,the study will be divided into the following parts:(a)Literature review,through the review of past similar concepts and research,researcher try to analyze the psychological structure of self-focused and other-focused personalities.(b)Research one,making a semi-structured interviews and a trial test(379 data)to explore the content and structure of self-focused and other-focused personalities as well as is measurement.Using analytical techniques as SPSS and Mplus,the analyses procedures include exploratory factor(EFA),confirmatory factor analysis(CFA),we find self-focused and other-focused personalities are two independent constructs.(3)Research two,based on the Nomological network technology,we collected date from 282 adults and confirmed self-focused and other-focused personalities are different in the antecedent and outcome variables.The analyses procedures include EFA,CFA,descriptive statistical analysis,regression analysis and structured equation modeling.The research conclusions are as follows:(1)Self-focused personality describes the person always concern about self.Self-focused person has high self-awareness and positive attitude towards the self.The person pays more attention on the inner psychological activities and external behavior,care about the gap between the actual self and idea self.Self-focused personality consists of three dimensions: self-existence,positive self,and self-management.The formal questionnaire has 12 questions,each dimension has four questions.(2)Other-focused personality describes the person always concern about others.Other-focused person has high other-awareness,and think the existence of others is important.The interpersonal interaction is proactive,and the person is care more about the gap between the actual self and social self.Other-focused personality consists of three dimensions and the formal questionnaire also has 12 questions: other-existence(4 questions),accept others(5 questions)and interpersonal interaction(3 questions).(3)Self-focused personality and Other-focused personality are two independent and different constructs.(4)In the antecedent dependent variable,self-focused personality is closely related to the independent self-construal.The higher Conscientiousness makes the individual more concerned about the self-behavior.The higher Neuroticism focus the individual on the self.Moreover,the higher the social class,the more likely to form self-focused personality traits.While the other-focused personality is closely related to the dependent self-construal.The higher empathy,the lower core self-evaluation,Extraversion and Agreeableness personalities make the individual more likely to focus on others.Also,the higher Neuroticism will make the individual over-care about others.(5)In the outcome variable,higher other-focused personality are more likely to adopt advice.