On Gettier Problem: In The View Of Aristotelian "Relation Epistemology"

The heated discussions stimulated by Gettier problem transformed the core question of epistemology from justification to the definition of knowledge.On the one hand,the definition of knowledge based on JTB acquires many modifications and more profound problems have been raised with the discriminations of the notions;on the other hand,new "Gettier-style" counter-examples also challenge these modified definitions.Even now,philosophers still can't reach any agreement on the assessment of JTB and its revisions.We are still puzzled by some epistemic questions,such as"what's knowing" and "whether we have knowledge".In order to solve Gettier problem,reveal deeper philosophical presuppositions of relevant theories and investigate the exact logical relationship among knowledge and its relevant notions,such as belief,evidence and truth,the discussions in this article spread with three parts:in the first part,I at first discuss main characteristics of JTB,and delineate Gettier problem as an epistemic paradox with summarizing several specific proposals to resolve it,and then I reveal three "meta-problems" of Gettier problem,that is,the problem of definition,the problem of attitude operators and the problem of the givenness.In the second part,I construct a new epistemic frame and accordingly provide a definition of knowledge——relation epistemological definition.Meanwhile,since the frame and the definition are based on the stance of Aristotelian epistemology,I elucidate the constructive foundations of the frame and the definition with the help of the Aristotelian philosophy of knowledge and soul.Hereon,I at first show three aspects of Aristotelian epistemology:relation,habitus and cause.And then I provide some explanations on the relevant principles and knowledge definition under the aspect of relation in Aristotelian epistemology in three points of view,that is,the result of cognition,cognition as an action and definition as a cognitive action.In the third part,I detailedly analyse Gettier problem and its three meta-problems according to Aristotelian epistemology and the new frame in the process of which I distinguish two functional gradations of definitions and clarify two manners of understanding the attitude operators and their effects in use,and then I reveal several presuppositions of modem epistemic logics and analytical epistemology.Next,I return back to "the tripartite factors" of knowledge,i.e.,truth,belief and justification,and state their definitions and their exact relation with knowledge according to my new knowledge definition.And finally,I propose the meanings of the tripartite factors and their corresponding relations with a group of core Aristotelian notions,i.e.,the material,formal,effective,final cause.