Archaeological Research On The Unearthed Cooking Boiler Of Han Tombs In The Xiajiang Area

The Xiajiang area refers to the basin range of the Yangtze river flowing through the area and the main tributaries,from the east of Chongqing to the west of the city of Yichang,Hubei.This area has a unique topographic structure,which was the key way to enter Sichuan area and the main channel of communication in ancient times.It has a very important position in cultural communication.Our country construct many Infrastructure projects in this area,such as three gorges water conservancy hub project,so with the large-scale field archaeological excavations in this area,a great deal of Han dynasty tombs information were produced.The number of Han tombs have announced more than 1000 in Chongqing reservoir area and there are a lot of data of writing not released,"the people regard food as the prime want."Diet is indispensable in people's daily life.The study of ancient people's dietary life has been one of the hot topics of social life historians and archaeologists.The food culture of the Han Dynasty played an important role in the development of Chinese diet culture,which has an important impact on the dietary culture of future generations.The primitive society and Zhou dynasty and Qin dynasty which initially formed the independent eating style,and the Tang and Song dynasty,where the development of food culture were its peak.The food culture of the Han dynasty serve as a link between preceding and the following.And cooking boiler undoubtedly are the most important in the process of cooking food,food culture is a kind of materialized symbol,which development directly affect food culture and the living conditions of people.And it is of great benefit for us to understand study of cooking boiler,but also help to build for cooking boiler appliance development spectrum evolution of the culture cquaintance the importance of it in people's daily lives.As cooking boiler have been unearthed in almost all kinds of Han tombs,a large number of archaeological finds of writing give us a wonderful "stuff" in Xiajiang region,so we can get a better and clear understanding of the development,evolution,combination and cultural exchange in the area of cooking boiler.This article is based on the comprehensive and systematic data collection which were cooking boiler unearthed from Han Tombs in Xiajiang area.First of all,it is divided into two categories:cooking vessels and cooker,one were the containers for holding,cooking or steaming of food,Mou,kettle,rice steamer resort.The other were used to support cookers for cooking,such as oven,iron support,etc.Then according to the attributes of cooking boiler,it is divided into two categories:practical and burial objet cooking boiler.After that,carding study the iron kettle,copper kettle,pottery kettle,copper Mou,iron Mou,pottery Mou,pottery oven,iron support and other cooking bolier,respectively,and making statistics on their unearthed quantity,analyzing their type differences and distribution.At the same time,the two kinds of cooking boiler are classified according to the function form of combination,one is composite function combination form(cooking,steam function),the other is single functional form(only boiled).At the same time,the two kinds of cooking boiler are classified according to the composite function combination form(combination cooker cooking,steam function)and single functional form(the function of the combination cooker is only boiled).The practical cooking boiler include the compound function combination of kettle,practical rice steamer,the iron bracket resort and the single function combination of kettlethe iron bracket etc.The burial objects cooking boiler include the combination of utensils,pottery oven,pottery kettle,rice steamer and so on and the single function combination of pottery oven,pottery kettle and so on.It is concluded that the practical cook boiler mainly distribution in western Wanzhou region to kettle,Mou and practical rice steamer combination of composite function for cooking steaming,boiling appliances and the kettle,Mou combination of single function for cooking boiler.While the combination of burial objects cooking boilermainly distribution in eastern Wanzhou region to the combination of cooking boiler with pottery oven,pottery kettle without pottery oven and burial objects rice steamer combination.According to the unearthed statistics of various kinds of cooking boiler and the combination distribution of the cooking boiler,the Xiajiang is divided into the west side and the east side.Xiajing region of the Yangtze river waterway in Han dynasty period is the Sichuan basin to the central plains and downstream path,is also the cultural exchange between two main channel,have very important position in such aspects as cultural transmission.Cook boiler appearance in this area communicate with the neighborhood food cluture.In view of this,I separate studies cook boiler combination in this area,which are include Xiajing west,adjacent to east of Sichuan,Chongqing,west regions.So we can clearly understand the the western Xiajing area with practical for cooking boiler and their combination of funeral customs are affected by in Chongqing in the western Sichuan area,and Xiajing east side with thethe burial objects cooking boiler and their combination of funeral customs are influenced by hubei and hunan province.The article also discuss the burial custom of the utensils of the Han dynasty tomb in Xiajiang area.There are differences funeral customs between the two regions.The Han dynasty tombs in the west region of Xiajiang mainly include iron kettle,copper kettle,practical Zeng,iron support and other practical cooking utensils and their combinations,with iron support as main cooking utensils.While the Han dynasty Tombs in the east region of Xiajiang mainly include pottery stove,pottery kettle?pottery Mou?burial rice-steamer utensils and other burial cooking utensils and their combinations,with pottery oven as main cooking utensils.The Han tombs in the western Xiajiang region are mainly buried with practical utensils for cooking utensil.,eastern Xiajiang region are mainly buried with funerary cooking utensils,but there was also the phenomenon in Han tombs for the funerary cooking utensils in the western Xiajiang region.The same phenomen in eastern Xiajiang region also buried with practical utensils for cooking utensils.The burial custom of the two regions are not "black or white",but there is a transition between them.The function combination of funerar and pratical cooking utensils in the two areas are gradually simplified from east to west region.The process is that the composite function combination form with the support cooker gradually becomes a single function combination form without the suppor cooker.And The main type of cooking utensils and their combination go from burial objects to pratical.The gradual simplification of this functional combination form is also shown in the practical cooking boiler.Finally,according to the situation of cooking boiler unearthed from Han tombs in Xiajiang area,it also speculated on the activities of cooking in the han dynasty in this region.