Research On Kant's Moral Evaluation Thoughts In "Foundation Of Moral Metaphysics"

Kant's moral philosophy is a model of normative ethics,and “The Foundation of Moral Metaphysics”is the foundation work of Kant's moral philosophy,which contains almost all moral thoughts of Kant.Kant's moral philosophy which focuses on "what should I do" to answer the question of "what is human" from the practical point of view.In the view of Kant,intellectuality makes the law for natural and reason is its own legislation.As a limited rational being,human can use their own reason to establish the law of their own action,which is concentrated expression in "Foundation of Moral Metaphysics".During the process,Kant infiltrated his moral evaluation thoughts from different perspectives.From a motivation point of view,good will is the primary factor of moral behaviors;in the view of rational,obligation is the expression of the good will and moral principles are the standards of moral behaviors;from the aspect of emotional,respectful feeling which comes from the moral law is the motivation of moral behaviors;from the perspective of value,human beings are the purpose of the basis of moral behaviors;from the ideological point of view,perfection which consist of morality and happiness is the ultimate pursuit of ethical behavior.Besides,Kant also enriched and further developed his moral evaluation thoughts in the book of "Practical Rational Criticism".Although Kant's moral evaluation thought provides a reference for our moral evaluation,it also receives criticism and questioning from other scholars.The formalization of his theory,the uncertainty of moral public and assumptions about human nature are much criticized.However,there is no doubt that his theory provides us constructive thinking on the issue of moral evaluation.The ideas which including the breakthrough of traditional moral evaluation,the respect for human and the prevention and overcoming of evil opened the door to our moral evaluation.Faced with the complicated moral conditions in our today society,only by treating the moral evaluation thoughts of Kant seriously can we solve our moral predicament accurately and resolutely.