Comparative Study Of Exercises In Three Sets Of High School Chemistry Textbook (Compulsory)

Exercise is the supplement and improvement of classroom knowledge. It is the main way for students to consolidate and master knowledge. Good exercises can not only cultivate students' comprehensive ability, but also detect the students' learning levels, feedback the teaching information, and optimize the teaching strategies. After the new curriculum reform, throughout the different versions of high school chemistry textbooks, the number of exercises has been reduced with the types of exercises increasing. part of the exercises with exploratory, situational and other features. But the exercises vary greatly in different versions of high school chemistry textbook, teachers and students also have different situation on the use of after-school exercises. Therefore, there need a further study to ensure whether the set of these exercises is reasonable and whether it can meet the needs of teachers and students.Bruner's theory of cognitive structure transfer has three variables: availability, resolution, stability. Including the original cognitive structure and the new knowledge, original cognitive structure and assimilation of new knowledge of the resolution, and assimilate new knowledge cognitive structure of the original master degree, Grasping the three variables reasonable is benefit to achieve the effective transfer of learning. In this paper, we take the opportunity of basic theory to research the People Education Press(PEP) version, Shandong version, Jiangsu version of three sets of high school chemistry textbook exercises. First about the number of the after-school exercises and types of comparative analysis of the three sets of textbooks, we found that the number of the PEP version exercises is the most and Shandong version is the least, Jiangsu version moderates. The three sets of textbooks after exercise are the same, but the amount of exercise and the proportion are different. Secondly, we classify the after-school exercises, and they mainly are divided into four categories: single knowledge and skills, situational information, comprehensive application type and opening thinking. On the basis of this, the after-school exercises of three sets of textbooks are compared, and from the four types of distribution it can be seen that Shandong version's after-school exercise level is more prominent. The distribution of different types of exercises is balanced. In addition, we select the "inorganic non-metallic materials- silicon" after-school exercise and the end of the chapter review questions of "chemical reaction and energy" as the research object, The characteristics and functions of different types of exercises are analyzed in detail. And then know that the two parts of the content of the exercise reflect the characteristics of the level. Finally, arranging the testing points of the nearly 3 years' new curriculum in chemistry 1 and chemistry 2, the consistency of three sets of textbooks' after-school exercises and college entrance examination questions are compared also. We find that the consistency of the new curriculum standards for college entrance examination questions and after-school exercises of the PEP and Shangdong version is better. Through the analysis of several typical college entrance examination questions, you can see a part of the college entrance examination questions can still find their "shadows" in the after-school exercises, but the college entrance examination are very comprehensive with involving many sites and the students' ability of high demand.In view of the above results, this paper started from the compilation of after-school exercises, come up with some recommendations to make it more complete. First of all, more attention should be paid to improve the openness and practicality of after-class exercises, and cultivate students' divergent thinking and exploring spirit as well. Secondly, the set of exercises should include more comprehensiveness, grasp the difficulty of exercises properly, so that the exercise is more hierarchical to meet the needs of different students. Finally, the set of exercises should highlight the connection of the college entrance examination. These studies provide some reference for the compilation of textbook exercises orderly, and then to improve the set of textbook exercises, at the same time, it is conducive for the majority of teachers and students to understand the compilation characteristics of textbook exercises, to use the after-school exercise in textbooks suitably and not to let the after-school exercises to become a display of textbook. Due to various factors, there are some deficiencies in the results of the study, but also hope that more attention about after-class exercises to be paid from researchers and do further study.