Research On The Mental Models About "Chemical Equilibrium Constant" Of Senior High School Students

Chemical equilibrium constant is the core content of "chemical equilibrium" theory and the core concept in high school chemistry learning.Chemical equilibrium constant is closely linked with experimental data in the study and use of the process which different from Le Chatelier's principle under certain conditions by using qualitative.Analyze the problem by Chemical equilibrium constant with a quantitative point of view that is conducive to the students fundamentally understand the relevant content of "chemical equilibrium".Mental models is a senior construction of thinking,and mental models represents the subjective knowledge.Students will be judged the new things by the experience which mastered,moreover,it will be the guide to act.Based on the review of existed research on chemical equilibrium and mental model home and abroad,the research theory and main views were brought forward.There are the steps of the two-tier test paper,and we designed the questionnaire for teachers and student,also carry on the simple interviews to the middle school chemistry teachers,the chemical education workers,the different grades high school students as well as the chemistry major freshmen to detect the mental models and influence factors about chemical equilibrium constant that students may hold.Qualitative analysis with SPSS software.We summarize six mental models,which are empirical model,memory model,reasoning model,language model,formula model and spherical model.We found that:(1)The Senior high school students in the mental models of the chemical equilibrium constant exists diversity,hierarchy,progressive and instability,each grade has some shortcoming and errors;(2)The Senior high school students in the mental models of the chemical equilibrium constant increasingly perfect and delicate,and constantly revised;(3)There is a great relationship between the formation of students' mental models and teachers' teaching methods.The teaching order,the habit of diction and the way of thinking in the teaching of the normal teaching all exert a subtle influence on the students;(4)Memory representation is of great significance to the scientific construction of knowledge.Based on the Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve,it is a guarantee to form a spherical mental model to recall the knowledge periodically.Based on the conclusions,some suggestions was proposed:(1)In compiling teaching materials,we should pay attention to fit with the development of students' thinking order.Construction and refinement of knowledge network from the point of the core knowledge,strengthen the hierarchy and typicality of examples and exercises.(2)In teaching,extended on the basis of the textbook,find a suitable teaching method according to their aptitudes.Teachers need to pay attention to formative evaluation,and help students to form scientific thinking mode.(3)In teaching,students shouldn't impatient,find their own learning model from their self.Students should always look at the degree of internalization of their own knowledge,to complete the mental model.