Research On The Ability Structure Of High School Biology Proficiency Examination Papers Of Shandong Province From 2010—2016

SOLO is the abbreviation of 'Structure of The Observed Learning Outcome'. It was firstly developed by Australian scholars Biggs and Collis in 1980s. They evaluated the development level of students' thinking by grading the results of students' learning.According to the thought height of the students' answering questions, it can be classified into five levels of SOLO: the level of the former structure, the level of a single point of the structure, the level of multi-point structure, the level of association structures and the level of abstract expansion. SOLO classification evaluation theory has been introduced into China for nearly 20 years since 1998, and the research on SOLO classification theory is focusing on the theoretical research and empirical research. At the beginning,the empirical study is about the evaluation of the open test questions, and later the researchers extended the scope of its applications to the closed test papers in the study of the structure levels of test questions.This paper draws on the SOLO classification theory, and develops a SOLO test question division criteria according to the using of thought ability in the test. The biological test questions are divided into four SOLO levels: the level of a single point of the structure, the level of multi-point structure, the level of association structures and the level of abstract expansion. And the three blocks of high school biology can be divided into eight topics, which makes a more detailed classification of knowledge points.According to the above standard and through the analysis of text statistics for Shandong Province seven years' academic proficiency test questions, I get the characteristics of distribution of knowledge points and ability structures in different years of Shandong Province. This paper provides suggestions for education and teaching.I get the following conclusions: 1, through the analysis of the ability structure of seven years' papers, I find that although the ability structure of every year's papers are different, it mainly examined students' single point structure,which was consistent with the requirements of the academic proficiency test; 2, through the analysis of the distribution of eight knowledge points in the seven years' test questions, I find that although the annual paper knowledge distribution had different emphases, there are still some regularities. The theme three and the theme six occupied the smallest percentage of the themes, and the percentage of other themes are larger. From here we can see that Shandong province's academic proficiency test has been stabilized in the distribution of knowledge points and the ability structure of test papers. The enlightenment of this study are as follows: 1,for the biological teaching: (1) SOLO classification and evaluation theory should not be confined to the summative evaluation. It should also play its important role in the development evaluation. So the teachers can try to use SOLO classification and evaluation theory in the daily teaching to promote students' thought ability; (2)the teachers should follow the curriculum standards and examination syllabus in their teaching, and pay attention to the basic role of teaching materials; (3)the teachers should pay attention to the cultivation of students' basic knowledge and basic ability in their teaching, and lay a solid foundation; (4) the teachers should pay attention to the cultivation of students' abstract expansion ability and innovative thinking; (5)the teachers should pay attention to the speaking and writing of students' biological proprietary terminologies. The Enlightenment of the examination questions is that the examination method of subjective questions is not flexible enough, and the content of the examination is mainly based on the single point structure.