The Fraction Teaching Research Under The Goal Of "Four Bases" In Primary School

The Compulsory Education Mathematics Curriculum Standard(2011 Edition)puts forward the ‘four bases' goal of mathematics curriculum which are the basic knowledge,basic skills,basic ideas and basic activities experience of mathematics,and then goes into the mathematics classroom with the teaching reform of the ‘four bases' goal.The goal of the ‘four bases' course is the embodiment of the three dimensional goals of ‘knowledge and skills',‘process and methods',‘emotional attitudes and values' in the teaching of ‘Curriculum Reform Outline' in mathematics teaching.The newly added basic thoughts of mathematics and the experience of basic mathematics activities are related to the implementation of ‘process and methods',‘emotional attitudes and values'.It is the requirement for the training the talent cultivation in mathematics curriculum in the new era,and that is also a necessary condition for the cultivation of innovative talents.The implementation of the ‘four bases' goal in mathematics teaching is the realistic need of mathematics education.As one of the key and difficult points in mathematics teaching in primary schools,fraction teaching has always been the popular focus of research.Although the research on fraction teaching is very rich,the research on the fraction teaching under the ‘four bases' goal is still blank.It is a remarkable fact that there are quite lots of questions about fraction teaching in primary school such as what are the knowledge and skills of primary fraction teaching,what mathematics thought is permeated to the students in the teaching of fractional teaching,what basic mathematical experience should be accumulated for the students,the teaching status of the fraction under the ‘four bases' goal,and how to implement the ‘four bases' goals in the fractional teaching,which are all worthwhile.Taking the fraction teaching of primary as the research content,this paper aims at carrying out the goal of ‘four bases' in the teaching of primary school fraction,and carries out the teaching research on the fraction of primary under the target of ‘four bases'.This paper mainly explores the following questions:?What are the fraction teaching contents of primary school based on the ‘four bases' goals??What is the current situation in the fraction teaching research under the goal of ‘four bases' in primary school??What are the measures to implement the ‘four bases' goals in primary school fraction teaching?These are the research ideas of this paper: From literature review,we understand the aims of setting out the ‘four bases' target;we give the definition of ‘four bases',we understand the current conditions about the ‘four bases' and its teaching researches,we explore the theory basis about the ‘four bases' target under the recent researches in fraction teaching in primary school and the teaching contents which are under the goal of ‘four bases'.We also found that the shortcomings and problems by using the methods of questionnaire survey,interview and other ways to understand the present situations of teaching which are under the ‘four bases' targets about the fraction teaching in primary school.This paper gives some suggestions and the fraction teaching measures of primary school based on theory of constructivism psychological,and theory of humanistic psychology and the educational concept of Mathematics Curriculum Standard(2011 Edition).We also provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for the majority of teachers in order to implement the "four base" goals in fraction teaching in primary school.At the same time,it provides reference for other contents of mathematics to carry out the ‘four bases' goals.Based on the ‘four bases' target,this article is comprehensively and systematically analyzed the teaching contents of fraction teaching in primary school through The Preliminary Understanding in Mathematics Textbook Three,The Meaning and Nature of Fraction and The Addition and Subtraction of the Fraction Teaching in Mathematics Textbook Five of the People's Education Press(2013 Edition),The Fractional Multiplication and Fraction Division of the second volume of Grade Six.By this way we could help teachers grasp the ‘four bases' target teaching as a whole,and to provide guidance for teaching analysis under the goal of ‘four bases'.We have investigated the teachers from five different primary schools which directly under the Bureau of Langfang City with the methods of questionnaire and interview.We understand the ‘four bases' goal teaching situation of primary school grades,find the problems,the performance of specific issues are:?It is lack of systematic study on the teaching of fraction which is based on the goal of ‘four bases'.?The process of teaching of knowledge skills are weaken in teaching of fraction.?The lack of continuity in the teaching of mathematical thought.?The neglecting participation in teaching experience in basic mathematics activities.?The evaluation of learning in the teaching of fractional teaching is not comprehensive enough.In view of the above problems,this paper based on the theoretical basis of the study on the teaching of primary school fraction under the ‘four bases' goal-constructivist psychology theory,humanistic psychology theory,‘The Mathematics Curriculum Standard(2011 Edition)',puts forward the corresponding improvement measures to carry out the ‘four bases' goals of the primary school fraction.The concrete measures are as follows:?We need in-depth study of the teaching contents which are based on the ‘four bases' goal.?The knowledge and skills should be understood and mastered.?The infiltration of mathematical thinking should be gradual and imperceptible.?We should attach the importance to the participation process of mathematical activities and the accumulation of experience in basic activities.?We should embody the concept of mathematics curriculum and implementing the overall goal of the curriculum in our daily teaching.?The evaluation of learning should be pluralistic and diverse in our daily teaching.To sum up,this article takes the fraction teaching as the research content which is one of the key and difficult points in primary school mathematics teaching.We takes the goal of ‘four bases' as the aim of the primary school fraction teaching and carrying out the teaching research of the primary fraction teaching under the target of ‘four bases' from two aspects of theory and practice.By this way,we could help the teachers to better implement the ‘four basis' in the teaching and improve the teaching effect of the content,and to provide reference for the implementation of the ‘four bases' goals in the teaching of other mathematics content in order to give students a good mathematical education.