Design And Analysis Of Lightweight RFID Authentication Protocol Based On Coupled Map Lattice Model

Radio Frequency Identification is an automatic identification technology which is non-contact. It is the wireless communication between reader and electronic tag attached to objects in essence. RFID, which is the supporting technology of Internet of Things, can be widely applied in all kinds of fields such as traffic, retail, logistics and so on. However, the application of RFID is greatly restricted by security problems of system. The main problem is the mutual authentication between tag and reader. Therefore, it is necessary to research on the authentication protocol which is suitable for RFID system.In the thesis, we designed a lightweight pseudo-random number generator and a lightweight Hash function based on coupled dynamic integer tent map lattice model. The "lightweight" reflects on two aspects:(1) Iterative operations of coupled map lattice are defined in the integer number set, and are easy to achieve. (2) Each lattice in coupled map lattice contains 8 bit. The length of output can vary with the amounts of lattices. Then we designed a lightweight RFID authentication protocol based on the pseudo-random number generator and the lightweight Hash function. The main works of this dissertation are summarized as follows.1. Mathematical proof of uniform distribution of dynamic tent map was given. Then we constructed the coupled dynamic integer tent map lattice model. We performed a statistical analysis on the character of uniform distribution, difference distribution, correlation, and the information entropy. It turns out that all of indications of model are close to theoretical value.2. A pseudo-random number generator was designed based on coupled dynamic integer tent map. Then we did some tests such as Monte-Carlo test,3? test, and NIST random number test to analysis the pseudo-random number sequence. It turns out that the sequence has a promising randomness performance.3. A Hash function was designed based on coupled dynamic integer tent map. Then we did the initial value sensitivity test, confusion and diffusion properties test, collision test, and average character distance test. It turns out that the Hash function could meet the security requirement of the RFID system.4. A lightweight RFID authentication protocol was designed based on the pseudo-random number generator and the Hash function. The pseudo-random number is used to ensure freshness of communications between tag and reader. The Hash function is used to ensure confidentiality of communications. The analysis reveals that the protocol could protect system from impersonation attack, replay attack, eavesdropping attack and so on. Then the protocol was proved safe by formulation analysis using BAN-like logic. At last, we simulated the process of authentication using Visual Studio 2010 as a development platform. We proved the usability of "protocol by simulating authentication situations between legal or illegal tag and legal or illegal reader.