An Empirical Study On The Influence Of Union Justice On Union Citizenship Behavior

Researches about union had quantities of achievements in foreign academic circles. But relevant domestic research started late. Because of the homogeneous system and labor rights problem of Chinese union, union practice differs a lot from Europe and America. Therefore, foreign research results can not apply to Chinese union. There are numerous union-related question need further testing and research.This study focused on union citizenship behavior which is helpful to union development. When union played a role in maintaining workplace justice, employees would show union citizenship behavior. Previous studies explained this approach by testing economic and affective mechanisms. Yet, little attention is directed to the fact that in reality the two mechanisms have different intensities. In real life, people's needs are changing, the effect of different mechanism varied. This reasearch first verified the relationship between union justice afforded by the practice of union and union citizenship behavior, and the mediationg roles of union instrumentality belief and perceived union support in this process which reflected the economic and affective mechanisms. On that basis, this research added equity sensitivity as a moderator into the existing model to explore the impact of individual differences on the different mechanisms. Then did hierarchical regression analysises to explore the changing rules of economic and affective mechanisms among people whose preferences of equity are various, using a multi-workplace sample consisting of 307 employees of non-public enterprises in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Results supported the positive relationship between union justice and union citizenship behavior, it was in line with foreign results. At the same time, the partial mediating effect of union instrumentality belief and perceived union support got verified, it had some difference from existing outcomes of full mediating effect, which meant some other factors might affect the process. The results also supported the moderating role of equity sensitivity in relations between union justice and union instrumentality belief and between union justice and perceived union support. Employees with high equity sensitivity would have more union instrumentality belief than perceived union support, and employees with low equity sensitivity could behave in the opposite way. Note that the enhanced degree of the relationship between workplace justice and perceived union support is stronger than the reduced degree of the other relationship, the effect of emotional factor is larger than economic factor. It's compounding the situation that maintenance function did more than rights protection in Chinese union. This conclusion shows that the maintenance function and rights protection function of union are coming into play in Chinese context. It needs to combine these two functions reasonably to make Chinese union better.From a theoretical point of view, present research added equity sensitivity as a moderator into the existing model by stuational way to discuss the different effects of economic and affective mechanisms for different employees. It propelled the existing foreign model from the thinking of humanity hypothesis. From a practical point of view, this article provided practical guidance to develop union from aspect of government, enterprise and union, which is useful to union construction. First, union should strengthen the rights protection function, have closer cooperation with enterprises, care about employees' various needs, and provide what they really needed. Second, enterprises must face to the role of union, and provide more opportunities to work together. Last, the government need to strengthen the exchanges and cooperation with international labor organizations, learn from them, perfect the legal system about labor rights, and promote the union independence.