Preparation Of Porous Silicone And Polyionic Liquid Materials Based On Emulsion Template Method And Its Application In Water Purification

The shortage of water resources and the pollution of water are serious,and the treatment for contaminated water originated from industrial and domestic waste water has been immediately urgent.Thus,how to simply,efficiently and economically remove and separate the pollutants including heavy metal ions,organic dyes,aromatic compounds,pesticides,antibiotics and surfactants from the water body is vitally important.Compared to other water treatment methods,adsorption has been consided to be an attractive method for the remove of these pollutants due to the simple and convenient operation,and low cost.Moreover,adsorption method can remove inorganic and organic pollutants at the same time.The efficiency of adsorption mainly depends on the properties of the adsorbent material,including their pore structure(pore size and distribution,porosity,pore connectivity,etc.)and surface performance(functional groups,charge properties,interaction,etc.).In general,the adsorbent materials always need high porosity,the effectively and uniformly functional modification of the adsorbent materials is very important for the adsorption capacity,adsorption rate and adsorption selectivity of these materials,however,the modification recently meet a huge challenge.Therefore,many strategys have been developed for the surface functionation of the porous materials,and the strategys can be divided into Preparation-Grafting and Design-One-step preparation.The Preparation-Grafting method is more common and easy to implement but the method would lead to the collapse of the channels,and which would further cause the high mass transfer/diffusion resistance and the poor surface chemistry functionation.While Design-One-step preparation strategy has been paid more and more attention in recent years due to the simple operation,uniform surface chemistry and easy control,and the preparation system is not easy to design and build.Mesopores organosilica is common and important adsorbent materials,which also need two step to prepare including obtaining porous organosilica materials firstly through the Sol-Gel reaction and post-modification for these organosilica porous materials on their surface and channel.However,there are few reports on obtaining functionalized organosilica adsorbent materials by Design-One-step preparation.Therefore,how to prepare adsorbent materials with highly efficient for water purification has great practical significance.Based on the above research background and combining the previous efforts for effectivly preparing the organosilica porous aerogels monolith through a HIPE template in our laboratory,a strategy for the amino-functionalized organosilica monolith through emulsion-templated method was developed to achieve the highly efficient adsorption for the Cr6+ in water.In addition,the porous poly(ionic liquid)@graphene oxide(PIL@GO)composite material was obtained by the emulsions template and the material can be used to remove aromatic small organic pollutants in water.Specifically,the major work was done by the following two aspects:In the first part of the thesis,amino-functionalized organosilica monolith was prepared via one-step hydrolysis-condensation reaction in the continuous phase based onthe O/W emulsions.In this system,the Chol-OH canbeusedas stabilizer,the oil phase is 3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane(GPTMS)andthewater phase is deionized water.The characterization of organosilica monolith was carried out using SEM,EDS and XPS.The SEM showed that the amino-functionalized organosilica monolith had a rich pore structure and the pore structure of the material could be adjusted by changing the composition of the emulsions.The successful reaction of-NH2 groups on the surface of theorganosilica monolith was confirmed by EDS and XPS.Thus,the amino-functionalized organosilica monolith can be achieved by one-step preparation.Adsorption efficiency of the materal for Cr6+ removal from aqueous was investigated by adsorption effects on different parameters such as pH,the initial concentration of Cr6+,contact time and dosage of the adsorbent.The results showed that the max adsorption efficiency of the organosilica monolith was up to 94%.It shows that the treated capacity ofthe monolith is 4.25 kg/g with initial concentrationof 200 ?g/L through a 5 cm column,and the Cr6+aqueous solution has been researched the discharge standard after the adsorption using the porous organosilica monolith was prepared.Equilibrium and Kinetic studies indicated that the experimental data for Cr6+ adsorption was best described by Langmuir models and pseudo-second-order kinetic.Above all,adsorption efficiency of the material can remain as high 89%after five cycles with HCl and HCOOH,and the Cr6+ can be reduced to Cr3+ in the aqueous solution during the process of the desorption.In the second part of the thesis,PIL@GO porous composites were successfully prepared using Ionic Liquid(IL)/cyclohexane-type emulsion,in which GO was modified by Chol-OH and used as stabilizer,hydrophilic IL was water phase,and the oil phase includes cyclohexane.Then adding acrylic acid to the above system,PIL@GO-COOH porous compositescan be obtained.The SEM showed that the material exhibited porous microspheres with above 100 ?m diameter.In this work,the porous microspheres with concentration of acrylic acid of 0%,5%,10%and 15%were used to remove 2-naphthol,1-naphthylamine and bisphenol A with a low concentration.The results showed that the PIL@GO-COOH porous composites have better adsorption capacity than PIL@GO.The adsorption capacity increased as the concentration of acrylic acid increase.Adsorption efficiency of PIL@GO-COOH is the best for the 1-naphthylamine,when using 5%acrylic acid,the maximum adsorption is up to 95%.And the removal efficiency is almost 100%when adding the the concentration of acrylic acid to10%.For 2-naphthol and bisphenol A,the highest adsorption efficiency of porous microspheres can reach to 85%and 92%with using 15%acrylic acid.