Template Method For Constructing Hollow Materials And Its Application Research

In recent years,porous hollow materials have attracted steadily growingattention due to their high superficial area,low density?high surface-to-volume ratio?large pore volume?and permeable barrier around the inner pore.The method of construction of hollow materials have many choices and the application of hollow materials is also implemented in many areas,such as photoelectric materials,package materials,reaction engineering,sustained release,etc.In this paper,based on the understanding the formation mechanism of hollow structure with template method and self-etching method,we used the template method build the hollow structure material,and then modified with dopamine in alkaline water environment,forming hollow structure material through one-step method,and use of dopamine function groups for second reaction platform to endow hollow structure materialgetting the corresponding function;Through constructing/modify different hollow materials,and research of the structure of hollow materials,composition and the relationship between material performance,we provide theory for the research application in different fields.All the research contents and results are shown as follows:(1)Using silica microspheres as template,then taking advantage of the biomimetic modification of dopamine to form a shell on silica microspheres surface,and then through the hydrothermal etching under dopamine biomimetic modification of alkaline environment to etchsilica microspheres,eventually to form polydopamine composite hollow spheres,through TEM images to study the process in different reaction time and temperature on the formation of hollow structure to inform the formation mechanism of PDA composite hollow spheres.(2)Using of dopamine function groups,the synthetic PDA hollow spheres can be modified by different functional material,we can adjust the morphology of composite hollow functional materials,such as core-shell structure,raspberry structure and sandwich structure,and it can endow material different functions.By TEM,UV,XRD,etc.to study the role of composite hollow material performance,put forward the theory basis for the application of composite hollow functional materials.(3)Using of melamine foam porous adsorption and permeability of porous stainless steel net,then modified by dopamine at high temperature,and it can form rough surface because high temperature can improve the rate of polymerization.Institute obtained material of oil-water separation performance and oil/emulsion absorption performance,put forward the influence of temperature on dopamine decoration materials and oil-water separation performance.(4)Using template method the mesoporous silica rod as template,nickel hydroxide can be obtained by one-step in alcohol/water,the material can be application in super capacitor as electrode materials,the material have shown better performance of capacitance,this method provides a simple and convenient method for preparation of super capacitor electrode material.(5)The template method is adopted to form nickel silicate,mesoporous silica as a template,using its adsorption performance to study the adsorption of heavy metals and dyes adsorbed performance;Using the in situ reduction method,the nickel nanoparticles can be reduced on surface of nickel silicate,and it can be as a catalyst used in dye research,and study its application in the process of catalytic performance.