| Word learning can help individuals master the basic knowledge of science and culture, promoting social interaction It is of great significance for the development of the individual A large number of researchers carried out studies on word learning from different angles. But most previous studies of word learning are less to inspect in context and ignored the impact of the emotional valence. This makes the learning process too unrealistic and the results are lack of a certain ecological validity. So this study determines to simulate natural learning context, investigating the regulation role of angry, happy and neutral emotional prosody for word learning in high limited context combining with event-related potential technique with high temporal resolution. Thus we can not only investigate the regulation role of emotional prosody for word learning of concrete and abstract, but also reveal the reasons of regulation role of emotional prosody for word learning through the analysis of the effect of emotional prosody in learning coding stage.In this study, we use online learning paradigm. Prosodic context was presented via^ loudspeakers firstly. After context offset a visual pseudo-word was presented. Participants should infer and learn the meaning of the pseudo-word according to the prosodic context. And participants need to consolidate the meaning of the pseudo-word through the presentation of the context and the pseudo-word secondly.We use priming paradigm in implicit test in Experiment 1, namely taking learned pseudo-word as priming stimulus and real word which have consistent or inconsistent meaning with pseudo-word as target stimulus in the test phase, then we can get learning effect by priming effect. Found that:(1) Real words show shorter reaction time and higher accuracy in concreteness judgment task when pseudo-words have consistent meaning with real words, indicating that participants can learn the link of meaning of the real words and pseudo-words, showing an learning effect; (2) Concrete words show shorter reaction time and higher accuracy compared to abstract words when pseudo-words have consistent meaning with real words, and concrete words show processing advantages than abstract words. (3) Angry prosody show longer reaction time than neutral prosody, indicating that anger prosody is not conducive to word learning. There was no significant difference in response time in happy prosody, angry prosody and neutral prosody; (4) Emotional prosody and concreteness of words have interaction marginally significant, emotional prosody effects only showed in abstract words, there was no significant difference in concrete words, indicating that abstract words compared to concrete words are more susceptible to the impact of emotional prosody.We use explicit lexical semantic consistency decision task in the test with using EEG techniques. Behavior results found that:(1) Compared to abstract words, concrete words show shorter reaction time, higher accuracy, concrete words show processing advantages than abstract words (2) Angry prosody show longer reaction time than neutral prosody and happy prosody, indicating that anger prosody is not conducive to word learning.(3) Emotional prosody and concreteness of words have interaction marginally significant, emotional prosody effects only showed in the abstract words, there was no significant difference in the concrete words. And happy prosody is conducive to word learning certain degree.EEG results showed that:(1) During the testing phase, happy prosody induced smaller Nl than anger and neutral prosody, concrete words evoked a smaller N1 than abstract words, indicating that in the early perceptual processing, happy prosody and concrete words caused less attention; Anger prosody elicited larger N300 than neutral prosody, indicating that in the early lexical semantic processing component, angry prosody showed more cognitive bad; concrete words evoked smaller the N400, LPC than abstract words, indicating that concrete word showed semantic processing advantages at late lexical semantic processing component. (2) In the early stages of word processing, concrete words elicited larger P2 than abstract words in the first presentation of pseudo-words. Angry prosody elicited larger N1 than happy and neutral prosody in the learning of concrete words, anger prosody elicited larger N300 than happy and neutral prosody in the learning of concrete words, indicating that in the early stages of the learning process of lexical processing, anger prosody can affect the identity of the concreteness of word learning. Anger prosody and happy prosody can attract the attention of subjects in the consolidation phase of pseudo-words earlier than in the first presentation of pseudo-words. And in anger prosody condition, participants showed difficulty of early semantic processing of concrete words. (3) In the late stages of word processing, abstract words elicited larger N400 than concrete words in the first presentation of pseudo-words. Anger prosody and happy prosody elicited larger N400 and greater LPC than neutral prosody, indicating that in the late stages of word processing, concrete words begin show processing advantages than abstract words. In anger prosody and happy prosody, participants showed difficulty of semantic processing and lasting memory encoding of words. But this difference does not appear in the second learning phase because of the first semantic processing.Integrating these two experiments, we found that:(1) Emotional prosody of different valence has different regulation effect on word learning. Anger prosody has a significant negative effect on word learning. And happy prosody has a promoting effect on word learning at a certain degree, but this effect can’t catch the same intensity with anger prosody;(2) Emotional prosody has different regulation effect on learning of concrete and abstract words, emotional prosody has a bigger effect on abstract words learning. And our results support embodied cognition;(3) The regulation role of emotional prosody showed through different processing stages of learning. |
