Child Anxiety And Its Influencing Factors

Anxiety is a common emotional experience of childhood.Preschool children's physiology,psychology is constantly developing,so when they face the pressure or internal conflict,they will produce anxiety mood.Moderate anxiety is helpful for children to better fulfill their tasks and avoid danger.It is helpful to children's learning ability,problem-solving ability's development,but over-anxiety will have a negative impact on the future kindergarten adaptation and easily lead to anxiety disorders.Anxiety disorders is one of the most common mental illnesses in children,which can cause many behavioral problems and seriously affect children's psychology health.The purpose of this study was to examine the development of children's anxiety and the factors that affect children's anxiety.Using horizontal and longitudinal research methods,the subjects were 243 kindergarten children in Shanghai,including 132 children aged 3-4,111 children aged 4-5 years old.The data was collected in December 2015(Time 1)and December 2016(Time 2).243 children and their mothers were tested by Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory,Attachment Scale,Children's Anxiety Scale,Five Item Personality Inventory,Child Social Preference Scale.Through the comparative analysis of the collected data,the results are as follows:1.In one year,preschool children's insecure mother-child attachment development has a certain degree of stability,and there are gender differences.2.In one year,the development of anxiety symptoms in preschool children has a certain degree of stability,there is no gender differences,but there are differences in grade.Older children's separation anxiety,social fear level was significantly lower than younger children's separation anxiety,social fear level,but its impulsive disorder level was significantly higher than younger children's level.3.Shy temperament there are gender differences,and there is gender and grade interaction,small class boy shy temperament is more obvious than the girl,shy temperament in the middle school children there is no gender differences.Children's temperament has a significant predictive effect on children's anxiety,especially for children's shy temperament and social evasion.4.Mother's attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety will not only have a direct impact on children's anxiety,but also through child-child attachment on children's anxiety have an indirect impact:(1)Mother-child avoidance attachment had partly mediating effects on the relationship between mother's attachment avoidance and children's anxiety;(2)Mother-child contradictory attachment had partly mediating effects on the relationship between mother's attachment anxiety and children's anxiety;(3)Mother-child avoidance attachment had partly mediating effects on the relationship between mother's attachment anxiety and children's anxiety.5.Early childhood anxiety can predict late insecure parent-child attachment,and child anxiety has an impact on parent-child attachment quality.The relationship between parental attachment,adult attachment and child anxiety was discussed.Researcher made her own suggestions on parenting.