Self-interest, Altruism And Charity

As one of the important philosophers in the history of British philosophy,Spencer's philosophical thought originated from the theory of evolution, and its complete and large comprehensive philosophy had far-reaching influence in many aspects. However, academia had a good idea of beneficence in its ethics. In this paper,Spencer's "Principles of Ethics" as the main study of the blueprint.Its preliminary study will be started with the egoism,altruism,negative beneficence,positive beneficence and other aspects of his beneficence thought.Systematic study of Spencer's beneficence concept is not only conducive to fill the gaps in the history of beneficence development,but also conducive to guiding the operation of our beneficence regularly.This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction,this part includes the background and significance of this paper, the relevant research situations,the basic ideas and methods of research, for this article and Spencer's thoughts have a preliminary understanding;The second chapter introduces Spencer's life and the main idea of this paper. It is going to explore the book "Principles of Ethics" by using the views of ethics,and try to explain Spencer's beneficence in Spencer's ethical thinking.The third chapter is the penetrative discussion of Spencer's beneficence. From egoism and altruism ,we will understand the relationship between beneficence and justice; Compared with justice, the characteristics of beneficence will be highlighted ; And from both positive and negative aspects ,the ideas of beneficence will be classified.The fourth chapter is to sort out other people's understanding of beneficence in order to highlight the characteristics and advantages of Spencer's beneficence thought.It will also emphasize the importance and theoretical significances of the study of Spencer's beneficence thought.The fifth chapter is the conclusion, it will state the practical significance of studying Spencer's beneficence thought detailedly. Because our country's research on beneficence ethics is still in the initial stage, there is no systematic reports and monographs on beneficence thought.The study of Spencer's beneficence thought will have a positive effect on the development of beneficence in our country.