A Study Of The Human Nature Of Hobbes' Political Philosophy

We are in human society,it is inevitable that we communicate with each other every day.As a result,we find that each person's nature is not the same,and the social chapters will be different.So philosophers will explore the origin of human nature before exploring how the world goes,and explore how to deal with the relationship between individuals and others,between individuals and society.Hobbes believed that people did not cooperate with each other because of their nature of love,but the fear of death.Compared with traditional virtuous humanity thought,human nature in Hobbe's theory is indifferent and violent,but such violence is the last resort under certain circumstances.Hobbes pointed out that conflict is the result of strong self-esteem and vanity,the glory of the moment will send people for greater desires to satisfy themselves,but rationality leads people to realize that such behavior will end up in a vicious cycle,therefore,if we want to bring an end to such state,we must share our rights with each other.And if we want to get long-term effective protection,it is necessary to transfer the rights to a competent winner and exercise state sovereignty.Hobbes explored the relationship between passion and reason,he emphasized the value of individual freedom and safeguarded the value of people's existence,and established his political theory based on the ethical contradiction between vanity and fear of death.On the basis of human nature,he strived for establishment of a reasonable state system,and used contracts and natural rights to deal with interpersonal relationship and the relationship between man and nation.He considered absolute sovereignty as the only means to safeguard the peace and security of country,and he believed that the Leviathan he advocated is the simplest and most effective state form.However,on one hand,as Arendt pointed out that the absolute power possessed by the sovereign may develop into another form of tyranny,the absolute authority of the sovereign will depress the political life of human beings which is contrary to democracy.On the other hand,the concepts Hobbes advocated such as freedom and natural rights led people to realize that individuals are an indispensable part of modern politics.Hobbes' view of human nature and political philosophy influenced the trend of modern politics,it is precisely because of Hobbes' s theory that the modernity rose in real sense.His theories provided new directions and methods for the development of new philosophy and entitled new features to modernity.