A Critical Study Of Markalenko's Collectivist Educational Thoughts

Makarenko is a famous communism educator in the former Soviet Union, which is popular in our country. His collectivism education theory was spread in our country after the founding of our country, it adapted the time and spread quickly. The theory greatly influenced our educational theory and practice, so far in our school education we still can find the shadow of the collectivism education thought. Unlike the previous scholars, they usually held a positive attitude for Makarenko and his views, this paper attempts to study from the perspective of critical, hoping to draw some valuable conclusions. The author hope we can more in-depth understand Makarenko and his Collectivism Education Thought.This paper is divided into seven chapters and six parts. The first part is an introduction, including the background of the topic, the core concept, the literature review, the research methods and ideas of the paper. The second part, as the first chapter, introduces the background of the collectivist ideology education, including Makarenko's growth experience, Lenin and Stalin's influence, supporting from Gorky. The third part is the second chapter, makes a critical analysis of Makarenko's educational goal:cultivate new people for the new society. Its ultimate aim is cultivating the collectivists, that loss his personal independence and freedom. The fourth part of the paper includes third, fourth and fifth chapters, analyses a genuine collective's appearance, including the nature, composition and maintenance of the collective. The first step of the collective education is to establish a good collective, which directly relates to the achievement of the educational objectives. A true collective needs a common goal, organization and management agencies, and strict discipline, fine style and the corresponding ritual. The collective is a social organism, in this organism, individuals do not have any independence, he was just a little cell in this organism. In addition, there is no boundary between the private and public spheres. The fifth part, as the chapter 6, introduces two of the most classic way of the main collectivism education:parallel education and education prospects. The last chapter of the paper, the author try to discuss the relationship between collective and individual, justify the value of personal independence, against the autocratic from collective. As the representative of the collective education, although Makarenko's collectivism education has some disadvantages, he is worthy of our respect.