A Study On The Situations And Suggestions Of Micro-Loan Companies' Development In The Ethnic Minority Areas

China is a multi-national country,the development of the ethnic minority areas have great important to the economy construction of whole country,but disparity still exist between the ethnic minority areas and some developed areas as a result of historical matters.To achieving the goal of poverty reduction,continuous innovations become necessities for us,not only rely on the investment of the government,but also need financial method to create more capital.As an effective mode for financial poverty alleviation,micro-credit has been widespread social concern since it was introduced into China in the end of the 20 th century.In 2005,the People's Bank of China and the China Banking Regulatory Commission joint together to issue an act,which mean the beginning of the experimental work of micro-loan companies in five provinces,as one of the eight minority national provinces,Inner Mongolia is included in the experimental list.In 2008,the micro-loan companies enter a new development period with the guide of government policy.Now,micro-loan companies has experienced a development of a decade,accumulated some experience,while exposed some problems.The research of underdeveloped frontier minority areas,in where the small loan companies operating,and find the difficulties and problems existed in the development,also the countermeasures to improve,is an important content to promote the economic and social development in national regions.This paper clarify the conceptions and characteristics of micro-credit and the micro-loan companies in the beginning,then review the development of micro-loan companies in Inner Mongolia and in China.On the basis of this,in order to analyze the situation of micro-loan companies in ethnic minority areas through the analyze of eight sample micro-loan companies in Tongliao,a system analysis of the environment is given first,which include the Regulation and policy,the natural environment and social environment of Tongliao.Based on the eight sample micro-loan companies in Tongliao companies as the research object,the author has made the detailed analysis of eight small loan company's organization structure and human resources,the condition of business operations,risk management status and profitability,and found the key of problem,for example: a single source of funding channels,the poor profitability and the lack of an effective credit risk control mechanism.In the end,,the response base on the above key of problem is clear corporate governance structure,broaden the financing channels,strengthen guidance and supervision,perfect the risk control mechanism and so on.