A Study Of The Effect And Mechanisms Of Retirement On Health

With the development of science and public health,Chinese life expectancy has been prolonged.The aging of population is becoming even worse.In order to pay for the pension in the future and make the old-age insurance system realize the sustainable development,delaying retirement policy will be carried out.It is a feasible measure which can realize the low elder support rate by increasing the working-age population and deceasing the retired population.However,the precondition to delay retirement is the health capital using for work for the persons who are going to be older people or have been older people.So what will be the effect of postponed retirement on urban employed persons' health?What's the reasons which drive such effects occurring?In this research,we study the effect of normal retirement on urban employed persons' health which contain self-reported health(sah).physical self-maintenance scale(psms)?the instrumental activities of daily living(iadl)?chronic disease and CES-D and we also explore whether the change of the health behavior containing smoking?drinking?social contact?exercising?time using is the reason why such effect can be happen by using the data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHRALS)on 2011 and 2013.According to the researches,we do the FRDD by using the instrumental variable and 2SLS to study the effect of retirement on health and the mechanisms of such effect.In the research,.there are two endogenity problems which contain omitted variable bias and reverse causality.Adding control variable can help solve the omitted variable bias.Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design can circumvent the reverse causality.So we do the FRDD after teasing the essays which are related to the subject.We find that retirement improve the sah for males by about 25%at the 10%significant level;it reduce the probability of chronic disease for females by 32%at the 5%significant level.Then we study the mechanisms which promote such results.Basing on the healthy demand theory which proposed by Grossman,we hypothesize that the effects of retirement on health are resulted from the change which contain life style and time use what related to health.By using the same method,we set the exercise?social?sleep?smoke?drink et al as the dependent variable to do the same regress.We find that man increase the odds to social including making friends?charity?park entertainment by 38%which promote sah by 6%.Women add the social contact as well,however,it is negative for females' chronic disease.At the last,we do the robust test.We investigate the robustness of the results with respect to the specification of the control variable?the specification of the age trend and the specification of the assignment variable.The results show that the control variable are continuous following the age trend?age density function curve are successive at the normal retirement age and the regression coefficient are not significant any more which reveal that our method is effective.On account of the results,we think that in order to enhance the effect of delaying retirement and improve the health level of employ,we need to encourage man to do much more recreational activities such as contacting with friends and going to the park.At the same time,organization in which one works can organize charity event.on any time and encourage person to do the volunteer activities.It can also build the entertainment places such as the chess and card room and so on to increase the chance to recreation.In addition to measures which mentioned in the above,we can also train the males on the stock market and net work.