Study On The Influencing Factors Of Non-performing Loan Ratio Of Commercial Banks

According to the recently disclosed data of China Banking Regulatory Commission,the non-performing loan rate of commercial banks continued the momentum of a sustained rise in 2016.The non-performing loan ratio reached 1.76%at the end of the third quarter,setting a highest record in the past seven years.In the environment of the national economic growth is still facing greater uncertainty,non-performing loans and non-performing loan ratio continued to rise,which has a significant impact on our country banking industry.On the other hand,in the mid-June in 2015,Bank of Communications issued a notice that its deepening reform program of ownership has been approved by the State Council.As the forerunner of the mixed ownership reform of banking industry,the reform plan of Bank of Communications was approved indicates that new round of ownership reform of the banking industry has been started.Therefore,under the background of the deterioration of banking credit assets quality,the "double up" of the balance of non-performing loans and non-performing loan ratio and the market-oriented reform of commercial banks,explore the impact of changes in ownership structure on the non-performing loan ratio,not only provide a new analysis perspective of non-performing loan rate,but also attempt to provide theoretical reference for deepening the ownership reform in banking industry.On the other hand,the new parameters are introduced in the analysis process,the ratio of the shares of different nature in the non tradable shares and the shareholding ratio of the different shareholders of the property in the top five shareholders are taken as the index of the ownership structure.In this paper,the fixed effect model is used to take the annual panel data of 16 listed commercial banks in our country from 2007 to 2015,in the case of controlling the macroeconomic variables and the bank's own management variables,explore the relationship between the ownership structure and non-performing loan ratio.The results of empirical analysis show that there are significant positive correlations between the ratio of state-owned shares and the ratio of overseas promoters and non-performing loan ratio of the banks,while the ratio of domestic promoters has a significant negative impact on the non-performing loan ratio of commercial banks.At the same time,the results of the robustness test also support the above conclusion,in the top five shareholders,the holding ratio of state-owned capital has a significant positive impact on the non-performing loan ratio,and the increase of the private capital holding ratio will significantly promotes the bank's non-performing loan rate.Mixed ownership reform is an important part of the new round of market reform in our country commercial banks.Combined with the conclusion of the research,in the process of deepening the reform of the banking industry,the state-owned capital is gradually exiting and the private capital is increasing.At the same time,adhere to the opening strategy and establish a more comprehensive incentive mechanism through the implementation of employee stock ownership plan to promote banking industry to set up a more robust and efficient corporate structure,improve the international competitiveness of commercial banks and contribute to economic prosperity and social stability.