Research On The Competitiveness Of Automobile Industry Cluster In The Yangtze River Economic Belt

Since the concept of "industrial cluster" first put forward by Michael E.Porter,it was widely recognized as an important form of industrial spatial economic organization,to cultivate industrial clusters is becoming an important way to enhance the competitive advantage in many countries and regions.Automobile industry has the characteristics of long industrial chain,high relevancy and high multiplier effect,it is a typical industry suitable for the development of industrial cluster model.With the development of global automobile industry,the competition of automobile industry is not only the competition of products,but also the competition of the comprehensive strength of industrial clusters,the research on the competitiveness of automobile industry clusters are also increasing.In recent years,China's automobile industry is developing very rapidly,automobile production and sales ranked first in the world for seven consecutive years.Yangtze River Economic Zone Covers three automobile industry clusters in Yangtze River Delta,central and southwest China.With the promotion of the strategic position of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,it is of great realistic meaning to study the automobile industry of the Yangtze River economic belt as a whole,which will help build China's first world-class automotive industry cluster.Firstly,this paper reviews the theory of the competitiveness of automobile industrial cluster,analyzes and summarizes the development of Detroit automobile industry cluster,the TOYOTA automobile industry cluster,the Stuttgart automobile industry cluster and the Korean automobile industry cluster.Secondly,expound the present situation of the development of the automobile industry from the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,Identify the automobile industry cluster of Yangtze River Economic Belt and evaluate the level of cluster development by using location quotient and factor analysis,analysis on the factors of the development of the automobile industry in the Yangtze River economic belt by diamond model.Finally,structure index system and use factor analysis to analyze the international competitiveness of leading enterprises in Yangtze River Economic Belt.The development of the enterprise promotes and decides the development level of the cluster.According to the experience of developed countries in the world,enterprises,especially the leading enterprises,play an important role in the development of the automobile industry cluster,Can even lead to the formation of world-class automotive industry cluster.In view of the data of industrial cluster is not available,so this paper reflects the competitiveness of automobile industry cluster by the competitiveness of leading enterprises.Through the study,we can found that the auto industry of Yangtze River economic belt occupy half of China's.Yangtze River Economic Belt automobile industry cluster has been formed,and the level of cluster is in a steady rising state.However,there are still many problems in the development process of automobile industry cluster in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,such as the poor industrial dominance,mainly rely on joint venture;too much vehicle and parts enterprises,diseconomies of scale;parts enterprises lack core technology;lack of innovation ability.Thus leading to the Yangtze River Economic Belt automobile industry cluster is big but not strong.From the domestic point of view,the Yangtze River economic belt has become the most competitive automobile industry cluster in China.From the international point of view,although the concentration and the overall scale of China's auto industry are rising,Compared with Automobile developed countries' leading enterprises,such as Volkswagen,TOYOTA,GM,Nissan,etc,our leading enterprises'Competitiveness is still weak.The competitiveness of the automobile industry cluster in the Yangtze River Economic Belt still needs to be strengthened.