Welfare Leakage And Compensation Mechanism Of Externality Of Electricity Universal Service

Electricity universal service is a public policy implemented by the government in order to promote social equity.In recent years,the state put forward the "good governance" concept of governance,while new requirements has been put forward in the implementation and compensation field to the power companies to provide universal electricity service.Based on the public management concept of "good governance",the paper points out that the design of correcting and compensating mechanism of universal service externalities is based on the measurement of social value from the public value perspective.By analyzing the core meaning of social value measurement in public value construction,the key points of social value measurement are applied to the field of universal power service under the public value perspective.The welfare value,taxpayer environmental value and economic value of electric power enterprise are constructed.The social value measurement framework of power universal service is established,and the measurement model of social universal value of electricity is constructed by means of satisfaction evaluation and so on.Secondly,the externalities of electricity universal service are defined according to the Pigou'externalities and the model of positive externality of electricity universal service is deduced from the model of universal service social value measurement,namely the difference between social value and economic value of electric power enterprise.The economic analysis on the existence of externalities shows that the welfare loss comes from the deviation of the actual supply from the optimal supply,thus defines the welfare loss caused by the positive externalities of the power service as the loss of social value due to the existence of positive externalities.Based on this definition,a power welfare leakage measurement model was constructed.The article takes Fumin County as an example to verify and implement each part of the whole theory.The analysis shows that there are positive externality and welfare leakage in the practice of electricity universal service.This phenomenon must be solved by government compensation mechanism.Finally,through the analysis of the compensation mechanism,the thesis puts forward the design scheme of compensation mechanism in Fumin County during the "thirth five-year plan" period.The funds are subsidized by the government subsidy during the loan period through the preferential loan of the county company and the government.The theoretical model of the article is in accordance with the actual situation and has certain practical value.At the same time,an empirical analysis shows that,with the development of China's universal power service,China's rural power penetration rate is low in the early years,the main task of the government to promote universal power service is to solve the electrified population,this period of compensation to direct investment.With the continuous improvement of the power universal service level,the problem of electricity-free population has been basically solved,and the power universal service has entered the stage of power quality improvement.In this stage,the compensation mechanism mainly focuses on policy loans and government discounts.With the continuous development of the universal service of electricity,the universal service of electric power will have new connotation.At the appointed time,it is necessary for the government and the electric power enterprise to propose new electric universal service solution to adapt to it.