| The "Three agriculture" has been focused by the document NO 1 of the central government for more than ten years since 2004.The development of Agricultural,the stability of rural and the improvement of farmers’ living are need the help of rural finance,the lack of rural financial has been restricting the development of China’s rural for a long time.Rural banks,as a new kind of rural financial institution,is creation for solving the problem of rural finance in the new period.Under the government’s leading,rural banks has developed rapidly.There are some problems in the development of rural banks such as rural banks is name "villages",but the location of rural banks institution is the town or city.The development of financial geography make the location study of financial institution to be taken seriously.then the location study of small and new financial institution is deficiency.With the deepening of indusive finance construction,the small and new financial institution began to get a lot of attention.Under the circumstances,this paper is going to study the spatial distribution of rural banks and its determinant in Henan province which is development good in the rural banks.This paper want to explore the law of the spatial distribution of new financial institution,and give advice on the development of rural banks for national and local governments to enhance the function of the service of three agriculture.This article consists of six parts.the first part is including the research background,significance and methods of the paper,and the technical route and innovation of this article.The second part is the literature review,including the spatial distribution of financial institutions and the influencing factors of the location of financial institutions from the two aspects of the domestic and foreign research.The third part mainly introduces the development of rural banks.Firstly,it introduces the background,the condition and the main body of the rural banks,then analyzes the development process of the rural banks in China and the development of rural banks in Henan province finally.The fourth part is research the spatial distribution of rural banks in Henan Province by Arc GIS technology.The fifth part analyzes the influencing factors of the location of the rural banks.Firstly this part introduce the principle of the spatial distribution pattern of commercial banks,and then analyzes the influencing factors of the rural banks by the empirical analysis.The sixth part is sum up the conclusion of this paper based on the analysis of the above chapters,then give the advice for distribution pattern and regulation of rural banks.This paper makes a study of the spatial distribution of rural banks and the influencing factor in Henan province by using binary Logit and ArcGIS technology.According to the results of analysis,this paper gets the following conclusion.(1)Rural banks has developed rapidly in Henan province.There are390 major rural banks institution which were initiated by 29 major banking institution in Henan province at the end of 2016,which cover all the city and 95 towns of Henan province,and the rural commercial bank is the main forces in initiating rural bank institution in Henan province,city commercial bank is next only to rural commercial bank,large financial institution hasn’t enough power in initiating rural bank.(2)The spatial distribution of rural banks is different by different sponsor.The coverage of rural banks institution initiated by rural commercial bank is largest,41 major rural banks cover 61 town or city in Henan province;The spatial distribution patterns of rural bank institutions which initiated by city commercial bank are congregating distribution,20 major rural banks cover 21 town or city in Henan province;The spatial distribution patterns of foreign-funded rural banks are characterized by supporting agricultural which aren’t congregating distribution and location the place of less-development.(3)The spatial distribution patterns of the headquarters of rural banks is characterized by uniformity with the town,then The spatial distribution patterns of the branch of rural banks is different in town.The spatial distribution patterns of the headquarters of rural banks are characterized by " one town with one headquarters institution",and the central part of Henan province where taking Zhengzhou city as cores is the place of rural banks rapidly expansion by researching the spatial distribution patterns of rural banks in 126 town or city of Henan province.(4)There are some problems on the rural banks such as rural banks is name "villages",but the location of rural banks institution is the town or city in Henan province.There are 77 major headquarters of rural banks in Henan province.9 major location city and 68 major location town,no one location rural,and there are 120 major in city or town among 313 major branch of rural bank.(5)Economic development level,Population and competitive environment are the important influencing factors of the spatial distribution patterns of rural banks and the degree of influence of factors is different to the headquarters and the branch of rural banks,The GDP of town and the investment in fixed assets are important to the spatial distribution patterns of the headquarters of rural banks,and the GDP growth of town and the total retail sales of consumer goods are important to the spatial distribution patterns of the branch of rural banks.According to the results of analysis,this paper give advice on optimizing the allocation of rural banks to increasing thecoverage rate of rural bank institution. |
