Member Heterogeneity,Cooperative Game And Distribution Of Benefits

In the process of the agriculture marketization and internationalization,farmer cooperatives have achieved the docking of small production and big market,which is the result of adaptation to competitive and modern market.Traditional Cooperatives System requirements "patrons and owners of the same," which is based on the relative homogeneity of the members.But the fact of farmer cooperatives is:cooperatives' "owner" and "patrons"are inconsistent,the fundamental reason is differences of factor endowments between cooperatives members,namely the cooperative members have obvious heterogeneity.Based on the assumption of rational people,fundamental purpose of forming or joining cooperatives is to improve the original state,to get more revenue.The surplus allocation mechanism directly affects the revenue of cooperatives members,and relates to whether the farmer cooperatives can survive and develop in the long term.Therefore,a fair and reasonable surplus distribution mechanism plays a key role of absorbing new members and development of farmer cooperatives.As a self-service organization,cooperatives'surplus distributed according to the amount of transaction is one of the essential characteristics which distinguishes it from other organizations,but the proportion of share dividend is much higher than the proportion of the transaction volume among the farmer cooperatives' surplus distribution at present.Differ from the provision of "Farmer Cooperatives Law".This paper explained it from the perspective of membership heterogeneity.First,reviewed the relevant literature abroad and summarized research results;then,a framework of cooperative game has been established to analyze the behavior of benefit allocation among members with different resource endowments who participated in cooperatives;next do an Empirical research based on the investigation of 66 farmer cooperatives with surplus distribution from Jiangsu,Sichuan and Jilin provinces in China;Finally,it concluded:(1)a few farmer cooperatives have surplus distribution mechanism,and the distribution of surplus mainly on shares.(2)the cooperative members have obvious heterogeneity,which is an important cause of the surplus distribution mainly on shares.founders' proportion of shares are generally higher than the proportion of transaction volume,and the higher the proportion of shares is,the higher the proportion of share dividend among cooperatives surplus distribution is.(3)The current material support policy is also an important reason for the surplus distribution mainly on shares.According to conclusions above,we get the following revelation:Firstly,surplus distribution according to shares has its own rationality,which realized the capital value of cooperative entrepreneurs' contribution to cooperatives,and the capital in rural is scarce and hard to replace.Secondly,surplus distribution mainly on shares makes reality deviates from the nature of cooperatives.The current material support policy precisely has played a promotable role.If objective of the policy is to promote the emergence and development of a genuine cooperatives,the major policy adjustment will be from material support to institutional construction.