Optimization On The Allocation And Distribution Of Relief Supplies In Unconventional Disasters

Since the beginning of the 21 st century,earthquakes,tsunamis,typhoons and other unconventional disasters have erupted frequently which greatly affected people's normal life and economic production,causing huge property loss and casualties to human society.The serious damage and profound impact of these sudden disasters have gradually increased the concern degree of the society.How to carry out early warning,take response and control of the sudden disaster process,and reduce the loss of disasters as much as possible has become an important issue all over the world.After the unconventional disaster,the scientific allocation of limited emergency supplies and timely delivery play a very important role in protecting people's lives in disaster areas and enhancing the rescue effects.Based on the background of unconventional disasters,we study the allocation and distribution of emergency relief materials in the early stage of emergency response.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:(1)According to the emergency relief supplies management system,we firstly introduce the concept of emergency resources and make classification by using different approaches.Then the characteristics of emergency material demand in unconventional disasters are analyzed and summarized,and we sort out the basic principles throughout the process of the emergency material allocation decision.Finally,based on the analysis of the actual emergency material dispatch process,we sum up the key factors and research difficulties when dealing with the relief resources distribution and vehicle routing problem,which plays a bedding role in the following research work.(2)In view of the relief material allocation problem at the initial stage of emergency response to unconventional disasters,according to the people first principle,we construct the victim loss function based on unmet demand and shortage time.Then formulate a multi-supply points and multi-demand points emergency supplies allocation model to minimize victim loss and total economic cost,and a modified genetic algorithm is designed to solve it.The experimental results show that the proposed model and algorithm can effectively reduce the waiting time and the loss of the victims.(3)As for the problem of post-disaster emergency material distribution,we construct a resource distribution model with limited heterogeneous fleet aiming at minimizing the sum of transportation time from the perspective of efficiency and under consideration of road damage.Then we propose a hybrid algorithm based on simulated annealing and variable neighborhood search to solve the optimization model.And experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and superior compared with the basic variable neighborhood search algorithm.