Operational Efficiency?business Structure And Operating Performance Of Listed Commercial Banks

With the financial market-oriented reform further in-depth,the interest rate market-oriented,regulatory environment increasingly stringent,the gradual rise of internet finance,and a large influx of foreign commercial banks trying to share "a cup of soup" with the domestic commercial banks,the competition in the banking industry intensified.Various commercial banks have taken measures to formulate the transformation strategy,from the "scale-oriented" to "value-oriented",by relying solely on the expansion of the size of commercial banks to enhance their own business capacity,to build a comprehensive measure of commercial banks on the basis of business performance,controlling the risk while increasing bank earnings.This paper further studies the necessity of rational allocation of assets and the adjustment of business structure by studying the influence of operational efficiency,business structure change,operational efficiency and business structure change on the performance of commercial banks,so as to provide direction for the transformation of commercial banks.Firstly,This paper first combs and summarizes the relevant domestic and foreign literatures on the performance of listed commercial banks,and finds out that there are two diametrically opposed views: a view is that the improvement of operating efficiency and the diversification of business structure will promote the improvement of bank performance.Another view is that the improvement of operational efficiency and the diversification of business structure are not conducive to the improvement of bank performance.Secondly,it defines the operational efficiency,business structure and business performance of commercial banks,and combs the theory of commercial bank management theory,financial innovation theory,efficiency structure theory and synergistic effect theory.And then analyzes the mechanism and theory of the operation efficiency,business structure change,as well as operational efficiency and business structure change on the impact of the performance of the commercial banks.Thirdly,Then it analyzes the operational efficiency and business structure of listed commercial banks in China at present,and sums up the internal and external factors.The empirical research is composed of two parts.The fourth chapter is to measure and analyze the performance of listed commercial banks in China.The fifth chapter is to study the effect of operational efficiency and business structure change on the performance of commercial banks.This paper collects the relevant data of 16 listed commercial banks in China from 2006 to 2015,and selects 14 financial indicators from profitability,liquidity,safety and growth as the variables to measure the operating performance of commercial banks.Factor analysis method was used to measure the comprehensive performance value of each listed commercial bank in 2006 and 2015.Then the rank the performance value from the profitability,liquidity,safety,growth and the nature of commercial banks,and perform a series of comparative analyzes.Make the comprehensive operating performance value of the bank measured as the explained variable.DC(The total amount of loans / total deposits)and the LXFLX(non-interest income / interest income)were used as explanatory variables to measure the operational efficiency and business structure.And select JCBL(DC * LXFLX)as the third explanatory variable to measure the impact of operational efficiency and business structure change on bank performance.From the perspective of ownership structure,capital structure,external economic growth,and the scale of assets to select indicators as the control variable,we use the STATA 14 software,and the panel data regression method to analyze the whole bank,the large state-owned commercial banks,the joint-stock commercial banks,the city commercial banks.Make the following conclusions:(1)For the operational efficiency of commercial banks,the operational efficiency of the whole bank and three different types of commercial banks has a positive effect on the bank's operating performance.The empirical results are consistent with the theoretical analysis.The higher the efficiency of the conversion of the deposit into the loan,the more money is invested in the loan business with high returns.From the profitability point of view,it will be beneficial to the improvement of the bank's operating performance.However,the high yield of the loan business is also accompanied by high risk.In recent years,with the development of China's banking industry,credit supervision mechanism is more perfect.And commercial banks operating system industry has been improved.More stringent loan issuance audit procedures control the customer's default risk,so the quality of the loan is guaranteed.The benefits from the loan business can make up for the loss caused by the risk of loan issuance.From the input-output ratio,the improvement of operational efficiency is conducive to the improvement of commercial banks operating performance level.(2)The adjustment of the business structure show a positive impact on the bank's operating performance.The empirical results are consistent with the theoretical analysis.In the economic background of interest rate liberalization and the interest of deposit and loan shrinking,from the aspects of profitability,liquidity,safety and growth,it is advantageous to carry out the adjustment of business institutions and develop non-interest income business to promote the operating performance of banks.(3)For the empirical study of the impact of bank operating efficiency and business structure change on the bank's operating performance,there is a negative impact,which is contrary to the research hypothesis.This is because our business structure adjustment is still in the initial stage,and the development of non-interest income business is also in the growth stage.At this stage,the development of non-interest income business will consume a lot of fixed costs,thus the flow of funds reduce.It is not conducive to the bank's asset allocation,thus affect the operational efficiency.And the decline in operating efficiency led to a decline in bank profitability,which has a negative impact on the improvement of business performance.Finally,this paper proposes the following policy and recommendations: first,to enhance the ability to allocate assets to improve operational efficiency;Second,to promote non-interest income business innovation and development,such as: to promote financial product innovation,to establish of a full range of funds custody business system,to maintain the customer relationship of the intimacy,timely to introduce the new products;Third,to improve the profitability of non-interest income business,such as: to speed up the financial electronic construction,improve the non-interest income business cost management system and its related accounting,audit system,etc.;Fourth,to cooperate with other insurance companies,securities companies,fund companies,finance companies,and trust companies and other non-bank financial institutions to achieve strategic alliances;Fifth,strengthen the supervision of financial supervision departments,such as: to strengthen risk regulation on the commercial banks non-interest income business,and rise up the commercial bank's capital adequacy ratio.