| Since 2001,China has joined the Western and Central Pacific(WCPO)for tuna purse seine fishing,and the tuna purse seine fleet has grown rapidly with the support of national capital and technology.At present,Tuna purse seiners of Chinese mainland fishing operations in the WCPO about 30 ships,Fishing yield accounts for about 6% of the tuna purse seine yield in the WCPO,and is ranked after the five major fleet(Japan,the United States,South Korea,China Taiwan and the Pacific Islands).But in recent years,the fishery is affected by changes in the marine environment such as El Nino is constantly moving,fish prices in the international market downturn,fishing costs such as “ Vessel Day Scheme(VDS)” fishing days price rose sharply,the regional fishery management policy is more severe,the situation prompted the grim situation facing the tuna fishery enterprises begin to pay more attention to improve the fishing fleet the efficiency and control of production cost.The key to improve the fishing efficiency is fast and accurate for the central fishing grounds,research on the relationship between marine environment and Fisheries Center is particularly important;secondly,in the fishing cost,reduce energy consumption of a ship is the internal solution to fishery enterprises,and in the face of fishing in regional fisheries policy,the most the key is to understand and analyze the influence of the management measures on the operation of the fleet.This article is based on the author working experience on board tuna purse seine fleet "JINHUI 8 " and "JINHUI 18" of Shanghai Kaichuang Deep-Sea Fisheries Crop Company(SKFC)nearly two years,analyzes the JINHUI 8(July 2014 to October,July 2015 to October)and JINHUI 18(April 2014 to March 2016)of the yield data,written in the period of ship and comprehensive the Sea Fleet commander,Captain communication information obtained.In order to through the analysis of the characteristics of "JINHUI 8" and "JINHUI 18" operating position,operation mode,etc.the target fish catches,the understanding of the barycenter and the law of JINHUI 18 "work,combined with the Catch Per Unit Effort(CPUE)and the sea surface temperature data(SST)to found the changes of operating sea fisheries.At the same time,through the analysis and comparison of a series of data processing,summed up the impact of WCPO Fishery management measures such as VDS,FADs closed period and high seas closure and other measures of tuna purse seine fleets and enterprises.Based on the above analysis,this paper puts forward some proposals and suggestions for the tuna purse seine yield in China and the Western Pacific,which can help enterprises to improve the fishing efficiency and reduce the production cost.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)Through the analysis of tuna catches of JINHUI 18 during 2014-2016 in the WCPO come to know,the capture of associated school catches more,and unassociated school is relatively small.In recent years,influenced by the WCPO Tuna Fisheries management organizations to extend the FADs fishing closed period policy,have a greater negative impact on the Chinese tuna purse seine fishing efficiency and the benefit of enterprise.JINHUI 18 operations in the first and third quarter of the monthly average of CPUE value is higher,the second and fourth quarter monthly average of CPUE value is low,the third quarter is the highest,while the second quarter is the lowest,which can explain the JINHUI 18 in the first and third quarters,the operational capacity was stronger than that of the second and fourth quarters,so that the catching ability of the associated school was better than that of the unassociated school operation.(2)In order to study the reason of the change of the center of gravity of the fishery,the superposition of the spatial distribution of the CPUE and the sea surface temperature(SST)was analyzed.The SST of the fishery center in the second quarter of 2014 was distributed at a temperature of 29.88 ? ~ 30.14 ? The SST of the center of gravity in the third quarter is between 29.99 ? and 30.43 ?,and the distribution range of SST in the fourth quarter is the highest,which is 30.47 ? ~ 30.89 ?,which is mainly in the way of FAD The fishery is mostly concentrated in the range of 29.7 ~ 30.5 ?,and the distribution range of the fishing grounds is relatively scattered.The focus of the fishery was evenly distributed in the second quarter in the second quarter,and in the third quarter,it was mainly distributed in the north of the sea at 5 ° S.In the fourth quarter,the fishing operations were almost non-existent in the northern latitudes.After analyzing the relationship between CPUE and SST,it can be seen that the relationship between CPUE and SST is positive correlation between 2014 and 2015,that is,the CPUE rises with the temperature of the working area,and the correlation coefficient is more than 0.7.The CPUE in late of 2015 and early of 2016,while maintaining relatively stable conditions,relatively low SST in the fishing ground,an average decrease of 0.5 ° C over the previous year,which may be due to the end of 2015 and 2016 occurred in a wide range of El Nino phenomenon has a great relationship.During the El Ni?o period,the center of the Western and Central Pacific fisheries will be relatively eastward,which is mainly within the Western level.While the temperature is relatively low in the west,so the yield is also greatly affected(Figure 3-8).(3)By analyzing the actual utilization of the number of days of operation of the "Bilateral Agreement" by SKFC in 2012-2015,it can be seen that due to the impact of the El Ni?o phenomenon The center of gravity of the fishery is eastward.The linear regression results were obtained from the yield data of SKFC's JINHUI 8 and JINHUI 18 during the FADs closure(July-October)period in 2014 and 2015,and the model was established to yield as a result of the comparison of the dependent variable in the FADs of the fishing season,the amount of JINHUI 8 and JINHUI 18.The regression results of the linear regression model show that the intensity and diversity of the tuna are different in different years,and the significance of each factor coefficient in the model is different.The model shows that the yield of JINHUI 18,which holds the FADs closure exemption,is much higher than that of JINHUI 8,which is prohibited to fishing on FADs.This shows that JINHUI 18 in the first and third quarter of the operational capacity is stronger than the second and fourth quarters,while the FADs closure in the WCPO for the July to October of each year,FADs closure exemption makes JINHUI 18 in this during the period,which confirms the fishing efficiency of the associated school of operations rather than the fishing efficiency of the unassociated school of operations.The use of JINHUI 18 in the high seas and the exclusive economic zone yield data(November 2015 to December 2016)after the high seas open fishing,using linear regression analysis of two fishing ground of the CPUE showed significant variables,the regression coefficient is indicative of the CPUE of high seas more higher.(4)The article provides reference for the future development of the operational plan for the tuna purse seine fleet and puts forward the countermeasures and measures to promote the development of the tuna purse seine fleet.The improvement proposal of the marine environment can help the improvement and utilization of the fishing equipment,the communication and analysis of the fishing information and the training of the In order to provide a reference for the development of the operation plan of the purse seine fleet and the countermeasures and measures to promote the development of China's tuna purse seine fleet.According to the change of marine environment and regional fishery management policy suggestions on Optimization and improvement of the use of fishery equipment to find fish,fishery information communication and analysis,accelerate the construction of new vessels out of the old boat,fishing in regional fisheries policy and strengthen and fully analyzing the local government and the island of intergovernmental organizations and other aspects of cooperation and communication. |
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