The Study Of Agroforestry In Papua New Guinea

Geographically,South Pacific is located in the southeast of China,and it is separated from China by only one country-Philippines.In this region,Papua New Guinea(hereinafter referred to as PNG)has the largest land area and the largest population after Australia.Compared with other countries,researches on countries of the region including PNG are mainly from the macroscopic angle,so it is necessary to engage in fundamental research in order to make up for the deficiency.In this paper,the agroforestry economy of Papua New Guinea was chosen as the topic,and its course of development,position in the national economy,factors influencing its development and future trend were mainly discussed.In PNG,agriculture was appeared approximately 10000 years ago.In modern times,its history is divided into two periods: the early stage of modern times and the colonial period.In the first period,with the arrival of Westerners,a large number of exotic crops represented by sweet potato was introduced to PNG,local agricultural planting structure changed along with it and sweet potato became the main source of food.In colonial days,while continuing to introduce new species,westerners also opened up the plantation and changed the original structure of agriculture,farmers in PNG started planting economic trees for sale to exchange for money.Since 1940,the economic tree crops such as coconut,coffee and cocoa are cultivated more widely,and agroforestry economy taking the planting of tree crops and grain crops at the same time as the content developed rapidly.Today there are three main types of agroforestry economy in PNG: The traditional slash-and-burn cultivation,Forest economy(tagungya)type and synthetic intercropping type.Among them,synthetic intercropping type can maximize output and has great potentialities.The main factors affecting the development of agroforestry economic can be divided into five aspects: historical traditions,growers' interests,national interests and government,educational technology and environmental benefits.From the perspective of the overall economy,agroforestry can alleviate the binary economic contradictions and improve thenational economic system;from the perspective of the general public,it is the best ways of producing and living;If you focus on the future,it is of fundamental importance for the development of Papua New Guinea's economic.Now,PNG needs to import large quantities of rice every year,so how to achieve the domestic rice self-sufficiency will be the next development direction of Papua New Guinea agriculture.