Theoretical And Practical Exploration On The Reform Of Real Estate Tax System In Shanghai

In recent years,with the rapid development of the real estate market,the reform of the real estate tax system has also become a livelihood issue.Although there are many taxes in China’s real estate tax system,the taxes collected in real estate ownership are only real estate tax and urban land use tax.For local governments,the taxation pattern of “light retention and heavy circulation” has not been able to build stable main taxes;For the real estate market,it has contributed to real estate speculation,which is not conducive to stable and long-term development of the real estate market.In order to improve the real estate tax system and build a stable financial source for the local governments,real estate tax reform has become an important part of China’s tax system reform.The pilot project of the real estate tax in Shanghai was officially launched in 2011.The purpose is to reasonably guide taxpayers in the consumption of real estate,and to give full play to the economic adjustment of taxation.Compared with the original property tax system,Shanghai property tax pilots have certain advancements,such as the expansion of the scope of expropriation to individual residential areas,However,they have not achieved the desired results in actual implementation,no matter on the fiscal revenue or on the price controls.Therefore,this paper based on the Shanghai real estate tax pilot,firstly study the real estate tax theory concept,then analyzes the implementation status of Shanghai real estate tax and the necessity of reform,and draws learns from international implementation experience as well,and finally,takes tax rate design as the main body to simulate the reform of Shanghai real estate tax.Last but not least,the paper puts forward the suggestions to optimize the tax system of Shanghai real estate tax and the supporting measures to popularize it to the whole country.Theoretically,this paper studies the concept and theoretical basis of real estate tax,and summarizes the main contents and viewpoints of domestic and foreign experts and scholars on real estate tax research.Empirically,through the collection of Shanghai real estate tax data and the collation of relevant policies,this paper introduces the historical process of the real estate tax reform in Shanghai at length and focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of the real estate tax pilot in Shanghai and the necessity of reform.In practice,by investigating the actual situation of the real estate tax in the United States and South Korea,and comparing it with China’s real estate tax,the paper has sums up the experience that can be used for reference.From the perspective of tax rate design,the paper has clearly defined the various elements of the reform of the real estate taxes system and takes tax rate design as the main body.Then,this paper estimates the upper and lower limits of the tax rate of the real estate tax from the angle of the household tax burden and government revenue and expenditure,and draws a feasible tax reform plan.Finally,this article puts forward optimization proposals for the reform of the Shanghai real estate tax system,and proposes relevant supporting measures for the promotion of the Shanghai real estate tax to the whole country,hoping to benefit and improve the real estate tax reform.