Contemporary American Federal Reserve System:Study On Organizational Structure,Characteristics And Operation Mechanism

The central bank in the contemporary economic society is an important legal institutions,along with various countries in the world,the central bank system evolution,function expands,the central bank's growing influence on a country's economy.The Federal Reserve System as the central bank of America,since it was founded in 1913,after one hundred years of wind and rain baptism,is one of the most important central Banks around the world.The us dollar as the international trade,international investment,international monetary system in the leading currencies,the dollar's status as a global currency together with the United States as the world's largest economy,the fed is undoubtedly the most impressive of the central bank.Under the influence of economic globalization and financial market integration,the federal reserve released the monetary policy influence is "extremely important".The author through to the Chinese and western mainstream academic related theory research results found that the federal reserve system and the related theoretical research is the patent of the economic and financial scholars almost.As the economic and financial phenomenon in view of international politics,political science in this paper,the problem of international finance as the research object,by analyzing the establishment and development of the federal reserve system,introduces the organizational structure of the federal reserve system,summing up the characteristics of the fed,analyzing the operational mechanism of the federal reserve system,summarized in play a role of central bank functions,the fed is summarized in the monetary management experiences.Compared with the play to the functions of the central bank of the people's bank of China,combined with China's national conditions and actual situation,identify choose suitable for China's monetary policy formulation and implementation experience,provide reference and reference for deepening the reform of the bank system.Article use the literature analysis,summarizes the induction method,comparative analysis,theoretical analysis and empirical analysis on the method of combining the study of the Federal Reserve SystemThe introduction part to the selected topic background and significance,domestic and foreign research present situation,chooses the research methods and innovation of the briefintroduction.The text is divided into four parts,respectively is:The first part: the evolution of contemporary American federal reserve system.Since its inception in 1913,the federal reserve,after one hundred years of wind and rain baptism,in one hundred the development of evolution,the various historical stages have different development status,this paper introduces the when formulating and implementing monetary policy.The second part: the organization structure and the characteristics of the federal reserve.Introduce the organizational structure of the federal reserve,respectively introduce the federal reserve board,the federal reserve bank,open market committee of three entities.The fed's organizational structure is the foundation of the full text,and on this basis,summed up the federal reserve system "separation of powers" and "high degree of relative independence" two big characteristics.Lay a foundation for the following analysis of the federal reserve system operating mechanism.The third part: the operation mechanism and function of the federal reserve system.This part is the core of the full text,analyses in detail the fed in monetary policy "decision-making mechanism",in the conduct of monetary policy "execution mechanism" two big mechanism.The fed's operation mechanism,analysis the function of the federal reserve.The fourth part: China and the United States central bank system comparison and revelation of the The Federal Reserve System.Introduces the general situation of the central bank system of our country,the central bank in China and the United States in money management.Summarizes the experiences of the fed's practice,it is concluded that the central bank system of the federal reserve system,also is the meaning of this writing.To sum up,as China's economic take-off and rise,with the rest of the world economy friction and collision was inevitable,want to under the environment of gaming in a dominant position,must be for the fed's organizational structure,operational mechanism,influence,etc.Have a clear understanding.Master the objective law,according to their own economic weakness,situation,to figure out a way to deal with.Further understand the fed will play an important role in the global economy and logic,improve the ability of prediction about the global economic development,absorbing the successful experience of the fed is beneficial to perfect our central bank system,make flexible and effective monetary policy play a role ofmacroeconomic regulation and control.It is in this paper,the conception of and we must solve the problem.