The Empirical Study On The Effect Of Perceived Job Stability And Flexibility On Job Satisfaction

The reform of state-owned enterprises broke the original "iron bowl" system,and with the urban-rural split system breaking,a large number of rural surplus labor burst into urban in order to obtain a job.The reform of the labor market has enhanced the flexibility of enterprise employment.However,the protection of the rights and interests of workers has become more prominent.The labor contract law,which was implemented in 2008,effectively guarantees the basic rights and interests of workers,but it also raises disputes about increasing labor costs and reducing employment flexibility.From the point of labors' view,signed a long-term labor contract may have greater risk of losing their jobs,and the signing of the contract of employment and the length of contract have no inevitable dependency relation.In this case,it has a strong practical significance that we analysis the influence of the stability of job and labor contract duration on the welfare of workers.Based on China labor dynamic survey data,in this paper,we measure stability job by the labors' self-work security rating,and measure the flexibility by the length of contract which labors sign with employers,to verify the jobs' stability and flexibility of employment for workers welfare by POLS method.In the empirical analysis,the results show that after controlling the individual's basic characteristics,job characteristics and psychological emotional characteristics,compared with the flexibility,stability has a greater impact on job satisfaction.The higher the security of self-assessment work is,the stronger the job satisfaction.According not only to their employment contract(i.e.permanent or temporary),but also to their perceived job security(i.e.stable and unstable),we disaggregate the sample of workers into different groups:"stable and long-term","stable but temporary","unstable but long-term" and "unstable and temporary",and we evaluate differences in job satisfaction between these groups.The results show that job satisfaction has no significant difference between "stable and long-term" workers and "stable but temporary" workers.However,the job satisfaction of "unstable and short-term"workers and "unstable but long-term" workers is significantly lower than that of workers.The conclusions did not have significantly change when workers'satisfaction with job specific aspects instead of overall evaluation of job satisfaction.In order to test the robustness of the conclusion,structural analysis and robustness test are carried out.The results of structural analysis show that employment stability,rather than flexibility,affects job satisfaction,which is established among workers in different regions,genders and different household identities.Robust test results show that when we expand the definition of stability and modify the sample selection bias and control the individual characteristics unobservable factors in the panel data analysis,conclusion does not have change that job stability has more important influence on job satisfaction.The conclusions of this paper have a strong practical significance.From the perspective of relations of enterprise-labor,employers with more flexible employment arrangements,can increase the awareness of workers work safety and reduce the negative impact of short-term contract satisfaction on the work of laborer,also can avoid the loss of welfare of workers.For the labor market system environment,if the contract is aims to support flexible policy and consolidate employment relationship stability policy coexist,the employment flexibility can be achieved in the premise that job satisfaction of workers is not compromised.