Research On Urban Poor Living Environment From The Perspective Of Environmental Justice

Since the 1990s,with the reform of the national economic system and the change of the household registration system,Xi'an,as the core city of Northwest China,has become a new city with new urban poverty characteristics,where there are a large number of new urban poverty population,including low-income workers,laid-off workers,retirees,migrant population and another poor people resulting from policy restriction.Correspondingly,owing to the accumulation of these poor people in the region,a serial of typical new urban poverty areas appear.These areas,where there are many problems such as poor quality of residential buildings,random dumping of sewage and garbage,lack of energy,serious noise,lack of public space such as green areas,poor hygienic conditions,inconvenient transportation and etc.,have become"gray areas" and hinder harmonious development of city.Therefore,to explore the quality of living environment in the urban poverty area,and to provide corresponding improvement measures have realistic significance.In order to explore the quality of living environment in urban poverty space,in this paper,five typical communities of new urban poverty were selected and investigation and study were carried out on the poverty groups in typical communities.The data in this paper mainly comes from the following parts:the urban poverty data of Xi'an investigated by research group,Xi'an Statistical Yearbook(2001-2012),and first-hand data through interviews.Among them,the interview data is the main source of the paper data,including a total of 155 questionnaires of 155 typical communities.The research methods used in this paper are literature analysis,social survey,ArcGIS visual analysis,qualitative analysis,MATLAB data processing methods,comparative analysis and mathematical model.Through the analysis of the living environment of the typical community,in this paper,we compare the living environment of each typical community with the overall level of Xi'an,explore the deprivation status and causes of the living environment in the typical urban poverty community from the perspective of environmental justice,and put forward the corresponding countermeasures.The main research results of this paper are as follows:(1)The main reason of hash living environment for the urban poverty is that,with the development of society,strong groups deprive the urban space environment of vulnerable groups,which in essence violate the requirement of environmental justice and is not conducive to the healthy development of the city and the construction of socialist harmonious society.(2)At the objective aspect,the score of overall living environment in the urban poverty typical community is 0.45-0.55,and there is a certain gap with the score 0.65 of overall living environment of Xi'an,which shows the environment of typical community is deprived in different degree.According to the analysis of four individual indicators(air quality,neighborhood relationship,commuter characteristics and life convenience),the best area for air quality is Yu Huazhai Street;The optimal region for neighborhood relationship is Liu Cunbao Street;Gender,age,education level,household registration have an impact on the commute time and most of people choose to walk,followed by electric cars and buses;There are a small number of comprehensive hospital and a large number of restaurants and vegetable markets in the urban poverty typical community.Therefore,appropriate measures should be taken to improve living environment for different typical communities.(3)At the subjective aspect,the fluctuation of the environmental perception scores of each typical community has its own characteristics.But the whole fluctuation range is between-1 and 1.The score of each typical community in the green,air quality,and cultural atmosphere is basically negative.The score of Fang Zhicheng Street air environment is lowest,-0.93.Yu Huazhai Street is the most sensitive to the perception of the environment.The scores are all negative in the green,traffic,cultural atmosphere,noise index,air quality and only in health,law and order,neighborhood relationship,the scores are positive,respectively,0.03,0.03 and 0.17.(4)From the perspective of living environment of the typical community,the deprivation is the most serious in the public facilities and living environment,and the slightest in the human environment and environmental quality.Public facilities are deprived of the most serious for the Xi Wang Low-Rent housing area,to 0.51.The living environment is deprived of most serious for the Yu Huazhai Street,to 0.41.The human environment is deprived of the lightest for the Liu Cunbao Street and Fang Zhicheng Street,and environmental quality is deprived of the lightest for the Jie Fangmen Street.There is a close relationship between the different environmental deprivation status of the typical community and its own attributes.