General And Local Feature Analysis Of International Energy Trade Based On The Theory Of Complex Network

With the rapid development of human society,trade activities are widely carried out among countries all over the world.International trade plays an irreplaceable role in optimizing the allocation of global resources,improving social production efficiency,regulating the relationship between supply and demand in various markets,promoting social employment and improving people's material and cultural life.Economic globalization has profoundly affected the development of all countries.Energy acts as the material basis for the survival and development of human society.It is the engine of urban operation,which occupies an extremely important strategic position in national economy.At present,the global reserves and consumption of energy resources characterized uneven regional distribution,which will inevitably lead to international energy trade.The International Energy Trading System,as a complex network composed of more than 100 countries,continues to have material,information and financial exchange.Each country participating in the international energy trade can be regarded as a node in the network.The in-degree and out-degree of nodes can represent the bilateral energy import and export trade relations,and the weight of sides can measure the trade volume.On the basis of constructing a weighted undirected network of international energy trade,static features of the complex network are analyzed by the parameters such as degree distribution,clustering coefficient,correlation and heterogeneity.The stability of international energy trade network is discussed from the internal and external influences.Based on the existing research results,this paper collects the international energy trade data provided by BACI-CEPII database and uses Excel,Ucinet,Matlab and other software processing the raw data to draw the international energy trade network and study its features.The international energy trade network is a typical scale-free network,whose degree distribution complies with the law of power.It means that a small number of countries have a large number of trade relations,but most countries only involve in a small amount of trade.The United States still occupied the leading position in global energy situation.The calculation results of clustering coefficient show that the international trade network of petroleum and coal has a high degree of agglomeration.As the traditional fossil energy,petroleum and coal occupy a large proportion in the global energy consumption structure.Although the international LNG(Liquefied Natural Gas)trade started late,the high-quality and clean features promise it a broad market prospect.International energy trade network is heterogeneous network,whose nodes show preferred connectivity.That is,low-degree nodes tend to establish a connection with the high-degree node.The standard structure entropy reflects the degree of network heterogeneity.The closer the entropy is to 1,the smaller the difference of node connection and the more uniform the network.It shows that there is a certain degree of heterogeneity in the international energy trade network.International energy trade network presents a dynamic evolution,external factors will cause a positive or negative impact on the network size,intensity,etc.