Research On The Relationship Between The Ownership Structure And Operational Performance Of Commercial Banks In China

Banking reform is one of the key areas for the reform of mixed ownership of state-owned enterprises.In 2002,the national financial conference first proposed the idea of reform of mixed ownership of banks.Afterwards,state-owned commercial banks started reforms in the joint-stock system,and some banks have also completed listing.In the reform of mixed ownership,the reform of property rights is the most basic,and for different types of commercial banks,the direction of mixed ownership reform should be different due to differences in the functional orientation,service area,and current ownership structure.Therefore,this paper attempts to explore the different directions of different types of commercial banks in the mixed ownership reform from the relationship between the ownership structure of commercial banks and their operating performance.Based on the principal-agent theory,this paper explains that the principal exerts influence on the agent through the four aspects of incentive mechanism,supervision mechanism,external merger and acquisition market,and competition for control,thus illustrating the different shareholders'(agents)and agents in the equity structure.Human relations,in turn,have different effects on bank performance.By sorting out the evolution of the mixed ownership system of commercial banks in China,we analyze the staged achievements of the mixed ownership reform,and at the same time make a horizontal comparison of the reform results achieved by the three types of commercial banks,and then the relationship between the ownership structure and the operating performance of commercial banks.Can have a qualitative understanding and understanding.Then in the empirical analysis,using the principal component analysis method to build a comprehensive performance indicators from the three aspects of profitability,security and development.Through panel regression on the sample data,the following conclusions are drawn:1.The proportion of shares held by the largest shareholder shows an inverted U-shaped curve relationship with the bank's overall performance.There is no significant correlation between the shareholding ratio of the top ten shareholders and the bank's overall performance.relationship.2.With respect to the nature of equity,the single introduction of equity of a certain nature has a different and inconsistent effect on the operating performance of different types of commercial banks.The shareholding ratio of state-owned shares has no significant effect on local commercial banks and joint-stock banks,but it has a significant negative effect on state-owned commercial banks.3.Domestic non-state-owned legal person shares have a positive effect on the overall performance of local commercial banks,but they have no significant effect on state-owned commercial banks and joint-stock banks.4.Overseas legal person holdings have no significant effect on local commercial banks,but they have a significant positive effect on state-owned commercial banks and joint-stock commercial banks,and they have stronger effects on state-owned commercial banks than joint-stock commercial banks.5.There is no significant relationship between institutional holdings and overall performance.Finally,based on the previous theoretical analysis and empirical results,combined with the reform of the mixed ownership system of commercial banks in China,some relevant policy suggestions for optimizing the ownership structure and improving the bank's operating performance were proposed.