A Study On The Characteristics Of Basic Sports Ability Of Shanghai The Track And Field Athletes

Track and field events are the point of competition,it is competitive and stimulating strong project,what’s more,this program requires athletes have superb sports skills and physical fitness to break through the limits of the body in training.The development of competitive sports is often accompanied by athletic injuries and retired athletes,track and field athletes’ injury problems are particularly prominent.Functional movement screen can well identify the athlete’ physical weakness and athletes’ basic sports ability,it is have a positive meaning for the guidance of sports training,improve the performance of the movement.In this study,we used measurement,literature method and mathematical statistics to find out the characteristics of basic sports ability through the FMS of Shanghai sprint,hurdles and high jump athletes.This study in order to explored the differences in the basic sports ability of different sex athletes,to explore the intrinsic development of basic sports ability of athletes,to provide some reference for track and field athletes suitable functional training program and sports injury prevention.Results:1.The FMS of sprinters were above 15.There were no significant difference between the different sex sprinters in flexibility and extensibility(P>0.05),however,there was significant difference between the different sex sprinters in trunk stability push-up(p=0.033<0.05).With the increase of the age,the male athletes’ basic sports ability developed steadily then developed up-trend,the female athletes was descend first then up-trend;With the increase of training years,the basic sports ability of male athletes was on the rise,and female athletes was descend.2.Hurdlers’ FMS were more than 15.There were no significant difference between the different sex hurdlers in flexibility and extensibility(P>0.05),but there was significant difference between the different sex hurdlers in trunk stability push-up(p=0.048<0.05).With the increase of age,the basic sports ability of male athletes developed steadily,and female athletes increased first and then descended.With the increase of training years,the basic sports ability of male athletes was "V" type,female athletes basic sports ability was "inverted V" type.3.The FMS of high jumpers were more than 14.There was significant difference between the different sex high jumper in basic sports ability(p=0.033<0.05),and the male athletes were better than the female athletes in deep squat(p=0.024<0.05)and trunk stability push-up(p=0.008<0.05).With the increase of age,the basic sports ability of male athletes was "inverted V" type development;the female athletic athletes basic sports ability was "U" type development;With the increase of training years,the basic sports ability of male athletes developed in wavy uptrend,and the basic sports ability of female athletes developed in wavy downward trend.Conclusions:1.Shanghai sprinters basic sports ability was better.Gender has no impact on the flexibility and extensibility of the athletes,and have a positive effect on the stability of the athletes.With the increase of age and training years,the development trend of male athletes’ basic sports ability is better than that of women.2.Shanghai hurdlers basic sports ability was good.Gender has no impact on the flexibility and extensibility of athletes,but have a positive effect on the stability of the athletes.With the increase of age and training years,men’s hurdler basic sports ability development trend is better than women.3.Shanghai high jumper basic sports ability was better.Gender was the factor that affect the basic sports ability of high jump athletes,the flexibility and stability of the impact were particularly prominent,no impact on the extensibility.With the increase of age and training years,male high jump athletes basic sports ability development trend is better than female.