Design And Application Of Typhoon Disaster Database Based On PostGIS And QGIS

China is one of the few countries that affected by the typhoon most severely.The typhoon often caused heavy losses to the southeast coastal people every summer and autumn.Because of its complex path,strong rainstorm,great change in intensity and serious disaster that typhoon is one of the most important meteorological disasters in China.With the rapid development of population,urban zoning and economy in China,especially the rapid development of economy and population in coastal areas,typhoon has caused more and more serious harm to it.At present,the research of typhoon is mainly focused on the prediction of typhoon track and the study of typhoon disaster factors,so the study on the pattern of loss caused by typhoon disaster is still lacking.How to collect and sort out the data of typhoon disaster,create the temporal and spatial database of typhoon disaster,display it visually through GIS platform,analyze and express the temporal and spatial pattern of historical typhoon disaster,and reveal the regularity of temporal and spatial variation of typhoon disaster.It is of great significance to assess the risk of typhoon disaster and prevent it.Based on Geographical Information System(GIS)technology,this paper collects and collates historical typhoon data such as the Tropical Cyclone Yearbook in the Tropical Cyclone Data of the China Meteorological Administration,the Typhoon Special Topics Data of the China Weather Network,and the Typhoon Trail Data of the China Typhoon Network.To establish a space-time database of typhoon disasters since the founding of the People's Republic of China,so as to realize the study of historical typhoon paths and the spatial-temporal pattern of typhoon disasters.Through the collation and analysis of the collected data,and the knowledge of storage methods and access technologies in the spatial database Postgresql,the PostgreSQL database was selected as a storage tool,and PostGIS was used as the middleware to create the typhoon disaster database.After collating and analyzing the research methods for typhoon disasters,it was decided to quote the criteria for “disaster degree” to classify the typhoon disaster grades of historical typhoon disasters since the founding of the People's Republic of China.Finally,on the basis of the support of PostGIS database on QGIS platform,the database created has been visually expressed,and then analyzed the temporal and spatial pattern of damage caused by historical typhoon from different time periods and different spatial units,and obtained the following conclusions:(1)According to the historical typhoon disaster grade rating and the disaster index display results,the provinces and cities with severe typhoon disasters in China since the founding of the People's Republic of China were mainly distributed in the eastern coastal areas,mainly in Fujian Province,Guangdong Province,Zhejiang Province,and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.The disaster-hit areas in the inland areas are mainly southern provinces such as Hunan Province and Anhui Province.In addition to the impact of typhoon disaster is relatively light in addition to the inland provinces and cities along the coast of Tianjin and Hebei Province.(2)Through the statistical analysis of the frequency of typhoon disasters in China since the founding of the People's Republic of China,the areas with higher frequency of disasters are concentrated in the coastal cities of China,Guangdong Province,Fujian Province,Zhejiang Province,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Jiangsu Province.At the same time,the frequency of disasters in the southern inland provinces and cities of Hunan province is also at a high level.The coastal provinces and cities of Shandong,Hebei,and Tianjin suffered the most frequent disasters in Hunan Province.Overall,it is consistent with the severity of the disaster.However,the frequency of disasters in a few provinces and cities is not well correlated with the severity of the disaster;the overall development trend of frequency is decreasing from coast to land.(3)Most of the typhoon disasters since the founding of the People's Republic of China were concentrated in July,August and September.The number of typhoon-causing disasters was at a high level in 2005,and the number of typhoons landed after 2000 was increasing;after 1988 the number of typhoon-related disasters is in a gentle upward trend.