Systematics Study Of Chinese Anastatus

The genus Anastatus was established in 1859 by Motschulsky,which is a comparatively large genus of Eupelmidae,Hymenoptera.There are 148 known species all over the world,of which 14 species recorded from China.Some species of Anastatus parasitize the eggs of various insects,and of which can be used in biological control.This thesis summarizes the general morphological characteristics of Anastatus and classifies the specimens based on morphological characteristics.In this paper,14 known species in China were redescribed or determined according to 'the classification characteristics of collected samples or model specimens,identified and described 13 new species:A.daiyunensis sp.nov.,A.danzhouensis sp.nov.,A.dehuaensis sp.nov.,A.flavaeratus sp.nov.,A.haichengensis sp.nov.,A.haopingensis sp.nov.,A.lanhuensis sp.nov.,A.leshanensis sp.nov.,A.linchangensis sp.nov.,A.longhuensis sp.nov.,A.longmenensis sp.nov.,A.pariliquadrus sp.nov.,A.taibaiensis sp.nov.;and described a new record species from China:A.splendus.It was identified that A.fulloi was the spcecies that be extensively used In the prevention and control of lychee bug in Guangdong province for biological control.In this study,COI and ITS2 are used as molecular markers for the phylogenetic analysis of 21 specieses of Anastatus and the out-group Zaischnopsis sp.The results of molecular phylogenetic analysis shows that COI can well differentiated species and sibling species;the ITS2 gene is suitable for distinguishing distantly related species,which is in keeping with the results of combined genes.In this paper,the genetic distance of the COI as main reference to establish new species.The genetic distance within COI is within 0 and 0.02.Due to the high degree of distant differentiation of individual species,the intraspecific genetic distance would reach 0.03.but part of the group,the interspecific genetic distances are much greater than intraspecific distances.The results of the NJ tree and the Bayesian tree are basically shows same results.But the relative positions has difference of A.huangi in the Neighbour-Joining tree and Bayesian tree of COI and ITS2.Part of sibling species was unseparated in the evolutionary tree of ITS2.The results in the evolutionary tree of COI contradict with morphological identification of A.meilingensisCombined with the traditional morphological identification and molecular systematics,this study comprehensively analyzed the phylogenetic relationship of the genus Anastatus in China,providing a more objective molecular basis for the classification and identification of Anastatus.The establishment of phylogenetic trees based on COI and ITS2 genes can accurately distinguish the species of Anastatus The results are basically consistent with those of morphological identification,to solve the problems of identification of morphological features and cryptic species.But there are also problems in the classification of molecular systems in which the genetic distance between species is too large and the evolutionary relationships among genes are different.Therefore,on the basis of morphological classification combined with molecular systematics technology,the classification and identification of species can be more objective and accurate.