Phylogeny Of Some Chinese Pseudopoda Spiders Jager,2000(Araneae:Sparassidae)Based On Target-gene(COI And ITS2)Analyses

This dissertation mainly studies the Chinese Pseudopoda spiders Jager,2000(Araneae:Sparassidae)based on molecular and morphological methods.The genus Pseudopoda belongs to the subfamily Heteropodinae and is the three largest genus of Sparassidae.It owns specially narrow distribution for both the genus and the most species.According to the current collection and reports,it is exclusively distributed in the southern,eastern and north-western parts of Southeast Asia.Nowadays,there are 124 species known in this genus,of which 54 species are in China.In fact,according to our field work and identity in the laboratory,we find there are more more than 100 species in China.Most species have extremely confined distributions but their ranges also often overlap.Therefore Pseudopoda is a good model to analyse evolution and biogeography in the region.At present,there are many studies mainly on taxonomy of this genus,phylogenetic hypothesis based on morphological or molecular data is rarely analyzed.Jager(2001)classified 42 species(most of them were collected from the Himalayas and the nearby mountains)into six species groups:P.diversipunctata-group,P.latembola-group,P.martensi-group,P.parvipunctata-group,P.prompta-group and P.schwendingeri-group.In 2017,Zhang et al.described a well supported clade in the phylogenetic tree of SE-Asian Pseudopoda species as the P.daliensis-group.This master's thesis revised some Chinese Pseudopoda species based on molecular and morphological data,including the following two part:?,molecular phylogeny of 84 Chinese Pseudopoda species based on COI and ITS2;?,the taxonomic study on 20 Chinese Pseudopoda species belonging to four groups.First part:We constructed the Chinese Pseudopoda Phylogenetic trees based on COI and ITS2 using Bayesian Analysis and Maximum Likelihood methods.We sampled 235 individuals from 65 localities belonging to 84 Pseudopoda species in eastern and southwestern China,and two large islands:Hainan,Taiwan.The results showed that the monophyly of this genus and supported three known groups:P.daliensis-group(P.anguilliformis,P.daliensis,P.kunmingensis,P.peronata,P.sicyoidea),P.martensi-gronp(P.chongzhouensis sp.nov.,P.emei,P.meloniformis sp.nov.,P.papilionaceua sp.nov.,P.virgata,P.yaanensis sp.nov.),P.prompta-group(P.bibulba,P.aurieularis sp.nov.,P.dactyloidea sp.nov.,P.physematosa sp.nov.,P.semilunata sp.nov.,P.signata,P.yunnanensis).We established six new groups according to the phylogeny of Pseudopoda.For second parts:Due to the limited time,we only described four groups among of these nine groups.A systematic taxonomic study of 8 new species of genus Pseudopoda Jager,2000 and 12 known species was carried out.We provided photos,description and measurements.