| The frequent occurrence of red tides in China destroys the ecological balance and self-adjustment ability of marine ecosystems,endangers marine fishery,affects the development of marine economy and poses a threat to human health.The use of allelopathy to inhibit the red tide,with the advantages of fast and efficient,ecological safety and so on,is becoming a new effective method to control the red tide.China is an agricultural developed country and has abundant straw sources.The use of crop straw allelopathy to inhibit red tide has advantages of low cost,easy to operate,no secondary pollution and so on.This method has a broad application prospects.However,in the process of using straw allelopathy to inhibit the red tide,there are still some problems,such as long time to work and difficult to guarantee the effect.Therefore,how to improve the algae inhibition is the key to improve the controllability and practicability of the use of straw for controlling red ride.White-rot fungi have strong lignin degradation ability and have been found to improve the degradation of cellulose in straw.However,the studies on screening of white-rot fungi that can enhance the algae inhibition of straw and their compound effect on that have not been reported at home and abroad.In this paper,two common white rot fungi(Phanerochete chrysosporium and Pleurotus ostreatus)were studied to enhance the algae inhibition of four kinds of common crop straws(highland barley straw,wheat straw,cole straw and corn stalk).The chemical substances in the degradation solutions of wheat straw and cole straw were analyzed by HPLC-MS method,and the allelopathic substances in degradation solutions of cole straw treated by two kinds of white-rot fungi were analyzed respectively.The main results of this paper are as follows:1.There were significant effects of Phanerochete chrysosporium on the algae inhibition ability of cole straw and corn straw(p<0.05),and there was no significant effect on the inhibitory ability of highland barley straw and wheat straw(p>0.05).The concentrations of 1 × 106 cfu/mL to 8 ×106 cfu/mL of Phanerochete chrysosporium could effectively improve the ability of cole straw.to inhibit Prorocentrum donghaiense(p<0.05),for example,using the concentration of 8×106 cfu/mL of Phanerochet chrysosporium to degrade cole straw,the inhibition rate of cole straw was improved from 14.65 ± 6.85%to 60.70 ±5.43%.For the corn straw,only the highest concentration(8 ×106 cfu/mL)of Phanerochete chrysosporium could significantly improve its ability to inhibit Prorocentrum donghaiense(p<0.05),and the inhibition rate was improved from 64.42 ± 0.33%to 72.56 ± 0.50%.2.The concentration of 8×106 cfu/mL of Pleurotus ostreatus could effectively improve the ability of highland barley straw to inhibit Prorocentrum donghaiense(p<0.05),and the inhibition rate was improved from 58.14 ± 2.16%to 77.44 ±0.38%,while other concentrations of Pleurotus ostreatus had no significant effect on highland barley straw(p>0.05).For other three kinds of straws,wheat straw,cole straw and corn straw,Pleurotus ostreatus had no significant effect on the improvement of their abilities to inhibit Prorocentrum donghaiense(p>0.05).3.The HPLC-MS analysis of the degradation solutions of wheat straw and cole straw showed that:salcolin A and salcolin B were found in the degradation solution of wheat straw,which had been proved to have strong inhibitory activity on algae;butyric acid,sulfate and benzoic were found in the degradation solution of cole straw,which had been proved to have strong inhibitory activity on algae.These allelopathic substances may be the main substances basis of wheat straw and cole straw to inhibit Prorocentrum donghaiense.4.Comparing the chemical substances in the degradation solutions of cole straw treated by Phanerochete chrysosporium and Pleurotus ostreatus,it was found that Phanerochete chrysosporium could improve the contents of 2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-1H-indole-3-acetic acid,4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-D-cymaropyranose,corchoionoside C,unknowl(C,4H22O8)and unknow3(C11H20O6S),which was increased by 20 times,386 times,41 times,57 times and 10 times respectively,but the contents of these substances in the cole straw degraded by Pleurotus ostreatus was basically unchanged or even decreased.Therefore,2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-1H-indole-3-acetic acid,4-O-p-D-glucopyranosyl-D-cymaropyranose,corchoionoside C,unknowl(C14H22O8)and unknow3(C11H20O6S)may be one of the mechanisms for how Phanerochete chrysosporium enhanced the ability of cole straw to inhibit Prorocentrum donghaiense.This paper will provide a theoretical basis for solving the hysteresis period of straw allelopathy and enhancing the practicability and controllability of the use of straw for controlling red ride. |
PDF Full Text Request