The Species Distribution Pattern And Formation Mechanism Of The Genus Hiptage In Asia

First of all,according to the species distribution and endemism of the genus Hiptage,the species of the Hiptage are divided into three categories:Widely spread,Regional endemic,Narrowly endemic.Then,the maximum entropy model and ArcGIS software were used to obtain the distribution pattern of three species of the genus Hiptage in the Last Inter-Glacia period(LIG,120ka),the Last Glacial Maximum period(LGM,21ka),the current period(Current,1960-1990)and the future period(Future,2040-2060),and the main climatic factors which affected the distribution pattern of the genus Hiptage,and how does the change of climate factors change the.The results of the study show that:(1)In the same geological period,the suitable range of three species of Hiptage is different.According to the results obtained by the maximum entropy model and ArcGIS software,in the same period,the largest range of plant adaptation areas of the Widely spread is in Southwest China,Indo-china Peninsula,Burma and India;The Regional endemic is the second,including Southwest China and Kampuchea;The Narrowly endemic is the least suitable areas,mainly distributed in Southwest China and China’s coastal areas.(2)The distribution pattern of three species of Hiptage species is similar in different geological historical periods:the suitable region of three species of Hiptage species in the Last Glacial Maximum period extends northward and southward on the basis of the Last Inter-Glacia period,which makes the Hiptage plants exist in the region of Bhutan and Nepal of the southern foot of Himalaya Range.As of the current period the range of the Hiptage belongs to the southwestern China and the south of Central South Peninsula.In addition,the range of three species of the genus Hiptage is slightly larger than the last time interval.In the future period,the three species of Hiptage genus in the Hengduan Mountains of China,have more high fitness areas.It is worth noting that only the species of Hiptage during this period expanded and increased in the region of Southeast Asia.(3)The main environmental factors affecting the variation of species distribution patterns in the three species of the genus Hiptage in different periods are rainfall,the most of which the Precipitation of warmest quarter and the Precipitation of wettest month have the the largest contribution.During the LGM period,the significant expansion of the habitat area of the Hiptage species is closely related to the decrease of bio 18,bio 16,bio 15,bio14,bio13,bio11,bio8 and the increase of bio19,bio3,Bio2.From the LGM period to the present,the potential adaptation of the Hiptage species declined due to the reversal of the climate.(4)With the global warming,the suitable area of three genera of Hiptage has expanded to a small extent range in Hengduan Mountain Area of China,but the overall fitness range is unchanged.The main climatic factors are the Precipitation of warmest quarter,the Precipitation of wettest month and the Mean temperature of wettest quarter.The contribution of temperature is less than that of rainfall.The suitable distribution center of the special Regional endemic and Narrowly endemic in the period moved northward to the southwestern region of China,while the suitable center of the Narrowly endemic moved south to Vietnam.