The Design And Research Of Quantum Dialogue By Using Entangled States And Identity Authentication

Since the rapid development of quantum information technology,the traditional cryptosystem,which guarantee the security of communication protocols based on computation complexity,is encountering great threat.Therefore,the quantum communication technology attracts extensive attention because it doesn’t depend on any computational assumptions.Quantum communication is a new academic discipline combines the features of quantum mechanics and communication technology.Compared with classical communication technology,quantum communication is more confidential and more efficient.Quantum secure direct communication is an important part of quantum secure communication,which allows communicants to deliver secret message by transmitting quantum states without pre-share secret keys.Quantum dialogue,namely bidirectional quantum secure direct communication,is an important branch of quantum communication research filed.In quantum communication protocols,it is a mainstream for researchers to study entangled quantum states as the carrier of transmitting secret message.In the meantime,quantum identity authentication is playing an important role in insuring the security of protocols and completing communicants identity verification.Hence,this thesis follows the frontier hot issues.It mainly aims at the resear-ch and design of quantum dialogue protocols based on entangled states and identity authentication.This thesis mainly involves the following works:(1)A controlled quantum dialogue protocol using three-particle entangled sates and identity authentication is proposed.Considering the quantum identity authentication can realize the communication participants’ identification,as well the low efficiency and insecurity in the presently controlled quantum dialogue protocols,this thesis firstly propose a controlled quantum dialogue protocol based on three-particles entangled states and identity authentication.The two communicants can transmit secret message by executing single-particle measurement and classical communication.The security analysis indicates the proposed protocol can resist both common inside attack and outside attack,which is secure.Moreover,the efficiency analysis shows that the proposed protocol has a higher efficiency than the same type communication protocols.(2)A high-efficiency quantum dialogue protocol based on GHZ-like entangled states and identity authentication is proposed.The existing protocols mostly have the secure problems or have lower communication efficiency.Hence,a high-efficiency quantum dialogue protocol based on GHZ-like entangled states and identity authentication is proposed in this thesis.This protocol utilizes the character of quantum entangled states to increase the communication capacity and realize the theoretical efficiency of 80%.Moreover,the efficiency of this protocol is higher than that of other similar protocols.At the same time,the security analysis indicates the proposed protocol is also secure.